设计说明书
总字数：21000+
摘要
随着智能家居理念的不断深入，家居用品的智能化升级成为提升生活便捷性的重要方向。传统晾衣架的使用依赖人工操作，不仅在天气突变（如下雨、光照异常）时难以快速应对，导致衣物被淋湿或暴晒，还存在操作繁琐、无法按需定时控制等问题，难以满足现代家庭对便捷化、智能化生活的需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能伸缩晾衣架，整合了 DS1302 时钟模块、5516 光敏电阻、YS 雨水检测模块、VS1838 红外遥控模块、ULN2003A 步进电机驱动模块、3 个独立按键、OLED 显示屏、ECB02 蓝牙模块，实现了晾衣架的自动化伸缩控制与智能管理。系统核心功能包括：通过 DS1302 获取当前时间并支持设置开关时间，到时自动控制晾衣架伸缩；借助 5516 光敏电阻检测光照值，当光照低于最小值或高于最大值时，自动收回晾衣架；通过 YS 雨水检测模块感知降雨，下雨时立即收回晾衣架；支持 VS1838 红外遥控控制晾衣架的开关；利用 ULN2003A 驱动步进电机正反转，实现晾衣架的伸出与收回；通过 3 个独立按键可设置各参数上下限、手动控制晾衣架伸缩及切换模式；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示时间、光照值、设备状态等信息；借助 ECB02 蓝牙模块将数据发送至手机端，支持手机远程控制晾衣架伸缩及模式切换。
该系统的实现，有效提升了晾衣架使用的自动化与智能化水平，减少了人工干预，能灵活应对天气变化和时间需求，为家庭衣物晾晒提供了便捷、可靠的解决方案，同时为同类智能家居设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；智能伸缩晾衣架；自动控制；传感器；蓝牙通信；红外遥控
ABSTRACT
With the continuous deepening of the smart home concept, the intelligent upgrading of household products has become an important direction to improve the convenience of life. The use of traditional clothes horses relies on manual operation, which not only makes it difficult to respond quickly to sudden weather changes (such as rain and abnormal light), resulting in clothes being wet or exposed to the sun, but also has problems such as cumbersome operation and inability to control on demand at a scheduled time, making it difficult to meet the needs of modern families for convenient and intelligent life.
The intelligent telescopic clothes horse based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates DS1302 clock module, 5516 photoresistor, YS rain detection module, VS1838 infrared remote control module, ULN2003A stepper motor drive module, 3 independent buttons, OLED display, and ECB02 Bluetooth module, realizing automatic telescopic control and intelligent management of the clothes horse. The core functions of the system include: obtaining the current time through DS1302 and supporting setting the switch time, and automatically controlling the telescoping of the clothes horse when the time comes; detecting the light value with 5516 photoresistor, and automatically retracting the clothes horse when the light is lower than the minimum value or higher than the maximum value; sensing rainfall through YS rain detection module, and immediately retracting the clothes horse when it rains; supporting VS1838 infrared remote control to control the switch of the clothes horse; using ULN2003A to drive the stepper motor to rotate forward and backward to realize the extension and retraction of the clothes horse; setting various parameter upper and lower limits, manually controlling the telescoping of the clothes horse and switching modes through 3 independent buttons; displaying time, light value, equipment status and other information in real time through the OLED display; sending data to the mobile phone through the ECB02 Bluetooth module, supporting remote control of clothes horse telescoping and mode switching via mobile phone.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the automation and intelligence level of the use of clothes horses, reduces manual intervention, can flexibly respond to weather changes and time needs, provides a convenient and reliable solution for family clothes drying, and also provides a reference for the research and development of similar smart home devices, with high practical application value.
Keywords: STM32F103C8T6; Intelligent telescopic clothes horse; Automatic control; Sensor; Bluetooth communication; Infrared remote control
目录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 时钟模块选择
2.1.3 光照检测模块选择
2.1.4 雨水检测模块选择
2.1.5 红外遥控模块选择
2.1.6 步进电机驱动模块选择
2.1.7 按键模块选择
2.1.8 显示模块选择
2.1.9 蓝牙模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 时钟模块电路
3.3 光照检测模块电路
3.4 雨水检测模块电路
3.5 红外遥控模块电路
3.6 步进电机驱动模块电路
3.7 按键模块电路
3.8 显示模块电路
3.9 蓝牙模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 步进电机子流程设计
4.6 ADC模数转换子流程设计
4.7 红外接收子流程设计
4.8 时钟模块子流程设计
4.9 蓝牙模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 时钟模块功能测试
5.3 光照检测模块功能测试
5.4 雨水检测模块功能测试
5.5 红外遥控模块功能测试
5.6 蓝牙模块功能测试
5.7 按键设置与显示功能测试
第 6 章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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