设计说明书
总字数：16000+
摘要
随着文化事业的蓬勃发展，陈列馆作为文物、艺术品等珍贵物品的展示与保存场所，其环境的稳定与安全对藏品的保护至关重要。传统的陈列馆监控主要依赖人工巡查和简单的安防设备，不仅存在响应滞后、监控不全面的问题，还难以对温湿度、光照、烟雾等关键环境参数进行精准监测与及时预警，难以满足现代化陈列馆对智能化、精细化管理的需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的物联网技术陈列馆监控系统，整合了 DHT11 温湿度传感器、5516 光照检测模块、MQ-2 烟雾监测模块、3 个独立按键、OLED 显示屏、ESP8266WiFi 模块及声光报警装置，实现了陈列馆环境的自动化监测、异常预警与远程管理。系统核心功能包括：通过 DHT11 实时监测环境温湿度，当温度超出最大或最小值范围、湿度超出最大或最小值范围时，触发声光报警；借助 5516 光照检测模块，当光照强度大于最大值时，启动声光报警；通过 MQ-2 烟雾监测模块，监测到烟雾浓度大于最大值时，触发声光报警；支持通过 3 个独立按键设置各参数阈值；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示各项监测数据及设备状态；利用 ESP8266WiFi 模块将数据上传至阿里云，手机端可远程设置阈值，当参数超出设置范围时，手机弹窗并震动提醒。
该系统的实现，有效提升了陈列馆环境监控的自动化与智能化水平，实现了对藏品保存关键参数的实时监测与及时预警，减少了人工干预，为陈列馆的安全管理提供了高效、可靠的解决方案，同时为同类场所的智能监控设备研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。关键词：STM32F103C8T6；物联网技术；陈列馆；监控系统；传感器；远程预警
ABSTRACT
With the vigorous development of cultural undertakings, as a place for displaying and preserving precious items such as cultural relics and artworks, the stability and safety of the environment in exhibition halls are crucial for the protection of collections. Traditional monitoring of exhibition halls mainly relies on manual inspections and simple security equipment, which not only has problems of delayed response and incomplete monitoring, but also is difficult to accurately monitor and timely warn key environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, light, and smoke, failing to meet the needs of modern exhibition halls for intelligent and refined management.
The Internet of Things-based monitoring system for exhibition halls, based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller, integrates DHT11 temperature and humidity sensors, 5516 light detection modules, MO-2 smoke monitoring modules, 3 independent buttons, OLED displays, ESP8266WiFi modules, and sound and light alarm devices, realizing automatic monitoring, abnormal early warning, and remote management of the exhibition hall environment. The core functions of the system include: real-time monitoring of environmental temperature and humidity through DHT11, triggering sound and light alarms when the temperature exceeds the maximum or minimum range, and the humidity exceeds the maximum or minimum range; with the help of 5516 light detection module, starting sound and light alarms when the light intensity is greater than the maximum value; through MO-2 smoke monitoring module, triggering sound and light alarms when the smoke concentration is greater than the maximum value; supporting the setting of various parameter thresholds through 3 independent buttons; real-time display of various monitoring data and equipment status through OLED display; using ESP8266WiFi module to upload data to Alibaba Cloud, and the mobile phone can set thresholds remotely. When parameters exceed the set range, the mobile phone pops up a window and vibrates to remind.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the automation and intelligence level of environmental monitoring in exhibition halls, realizes real-time monitoring and timely early warning of key parameters for collection preservation, reduces manual intervention, provides an efficient and reliable solution for the safety management of exhibition halls, and also provides a reference for the research and development of intelligent monitoring equipment in similar places, with high practical application value.
Keywords: STM32F103C8T6; Internet of Things technology; Exhibition hall; Monitoring system; Sensor; Remote early warning
目录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 温湿度传感器选择
2.1.3 光照检测模块选择
2.1.4 烟雾监测模块选择
2.1.5 按键模块选择
2.1.6 显示模块选择
2.1.7 WiFi 模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 温湿度传感器电路
3.3 光照检测模块电路
3.4 烟雾监测模块电路
3.5 显示模块电路
3.6 WiFi 模块电路
3.7 按键模块电路
3.8 声光报警模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 WiFi模块子流程设计
4.6 温湿度检测模块子流程设计
4.7 ADC模数转换子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 温湿度传感器功能测试
5.3 光照检测模块功能测试
5.4 烟雾监测模块功能测试
5.5 WiFi 模块功能测试
5.6 声光报警模块功能测试
5.7 按键设置与显示功能测试
第 6 章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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