设计说明书
总字数：16000+
摘要
随着人们生活品质的提升和环保意识的增强，垃圾桶的智能化升级成为改善生活环境、提升垃圾分类效率的重要方向。传统垃圾桶需手动开盖，易造成手部污染，且无法及时提示满溢状态，不利于垃圾的及时清理，同时缺乏消毒功能，易滋生细菌。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能垃圾桶，整合了红外对射管、SG90 舵机、红外人体检测模块、SU-03T 语音模块、OLED 显示屏及红外消毒灯等硬件，实现了垃圾桶的自动化开合、满溢检测、语音控制、信息显示及消毒功能。系统核心功能包括：通过红外对射管检测垃圾桶满溢状态，满时红灯亮起，未满时绿灯亮起；借助红外人体检测模块，检测到人时通过 SG90 舵机自动打开桶盖，3 秒后自动关闭；通过 SU-03T 语音模块接收语音指令控制桶盖开合，若垃圾桶已满则不执行开盖操作；利用 OLED 显示屏展示垃圾桶类型及对应可投放的垃圾名称；当桶盖关闭后，四个红外消毒灯自动启动并消毒 10 秒。
该系统的实现，有效解决了传统垃圾桶的使用痛点，提升了垃圾桶的便捷性与卫生性，助力垃圾分类的高效推行，为家居及公共环境的卫生管理提供了实用解决方案，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；智能垃圾桶；红外检测；语音控制；自动消毒；OLED 显示
ABSTRACT
With the improvement of people’s living standards and the enhancement of environmental awareness, the intelligent upgrading of trash cans has become an important direction to improve the living environment and enhance the efficiency of garbage classification. Traditional trash cans require manual opening of the lid, which is easy to cause hand pollution, and cannot prompt the overflow state in time, which is not conducive to the timely cleaning of garbage. At the same time, they lack disinfection functions and are easy to breed bacteria.
The intelligent trash can based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates hardware such as infrared correlation tubes, SG90 servos, infrared human detection modules, SU-03T voice modules, OLED displays and infrared disinfection lamps, realizing automatic opening and closing of the trash can, overflow detection, voice control, information display and disinfection functions. The core functions of the system include: detecting the overflow state of the trash can through infrared correlation tubes, with a red light on when full and a green light on when not full; using the infrared human detection module to automatically open the lid through the SG90 servo when a person is detected, and automatically close it after 3 seconds; receiving voice commands through the SU-03T voice module to control the opening and closing of the lid, and not performing the lid opening operation if the trash can is full; displaying the type of trash can and the corresponding names of garbage that can be put in through the OLED display; when the lid is closed, four infrared disinfection lamps automatically start and disinfect for 10 seconds.
The implementation of this system effectively solves the pain points of traditional trash cans, improves the convenience and hygiene of trash cans, helps the efficient implementation of garbage classification, provides a practical solution for the hygiene management of home and public environments, and has high practical application value.
Keywords: STM32F103C8T6; Intelligent trash can; Infrared detection; Voice control; Automatic disinfection; OLED display
目录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 红外对射管选择
2.1.3 舵机选择
2.1.4 红外人体检测模块选择
2.1.5 语音模块选择
2.1.6 显示模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 红外检测模块电路
3.3 舵机控制电路
3.4 红外人体检测模块电路
3.5 语音模块电路
3.6 显示模块电路
3.7 红外消毒灯电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 舵机子流程设计
4.4 语言识别模块子流程设计
4.5 OLED显示子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 红外检测模块功能测试
5.3 舵机功能测试
5.4 红外人体检测模块功能测试
5.5 语音模块功能测试
5.6 显示模块功能测试
5.7 红外消毒灯功能测试
5.8 指示灯功能测试
第 6 章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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