设计说明书
总字数：16000+
摘要
社区环境质量与居民日常生活和身体健康息息相关，对温湿度、空气质量、光照强度、噪声及粉尘浓度等环境参数的精准监测，是保障社区居住舒适度与安全性的重要基础。因此，研发一种能全面、实时监测社区环境参数的系统具有重要现实意义。
本设计提出一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的社区环境监测系统。系统通过 DHT11 传感器实时检测社区环境的温湿度；借助 MQ-135 传感器监测空气质量，当空气质量超过设定最大值时，系统自动启动声光报警；通过 5516 光照检测模块获取环境光照强度；利用声音检测（模拟量）模块感知环境噪声水平；通过 GP2Y1014AU 传感器监测粉尘浓度，当粉尘浓度超出最大值时，触发声光报警。用户可通过按键模块对各环境参数的阈值进行灵活设置；OLED 显示屏实时显示各项检测数据；系统搭载 ESP8266-WiFi 模块，将检测到的环境数据实时上传至手机端，同时支持通过手机端设置各参数阈值，当环境参数异常时，手机端会收到弹窗震动提醒。
该社区环境监测系统的作用在于，为社区环境管理提供了全面化、智能化的监测手段。通过多参数实时监测、异常报警、灵活设置及远程查看功能，能够帮助居民和管理方及时掌握环境状况，采取针对性措施改善社区环境，提升居住品质。
关键词：STM32 单片机；社区环境监测；多参数检测；远程报警；WiFi 传输
Community Environment Monitoring System Based on STM32 Microcontroller
Abstract
The quality of community environment is closely related to the daily life and physical health of residents. Accurate monitoring of environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity, air quality, light intensity, noise, and dust concentration is an important foundation for ensuring the comfort and safety of community living. Therefore, developing a system that can comprehensively and real-time monitor community environmental parameters is of great practical significance.
This design proposes a community environment monitoring system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The system detects the temperature and humidity of the community environment in real time through DHT11 sensors; Using MQ-135 sensors to monitor air quality, when the air quality exceeds the set maximum value, the system automatically triggers an audible and visual alarm; Obtain ambient light intensity through the 5516 light detection module; Use sound detection (analog) module to perceive the level of environmental noise; Monitor dust concentration through GP2Y1014AU sensor, and trigger an audible and visual alarm when the dust concentration exceeds the maximum value. Users can flexibly set the threshold values for various environmental parameters through the button module; Real time display of various detection data on OLED display screen; The system is equipped with ESP8266 WiFi module, which uploads the detected environmental data in real time to the mobile phone. It also supports setting various parameter thresholds through the mobile phone. When the environmental parameters are abnormal, the mobile phone will receive a pop-up vibration reminder.
The role of the community environmental monitoring system is to provide comprehensive and intelligent monitoring methods for community environmental management. Through real-time monitoring of multiple parameters, abnormal alarms, flexible settings, and remote viewing functions, residents and management can timely grasp the environmental conditions, take targeted measures to improve the community environment, and enhance the quality of living.
Keywords： STM32 microcontroller; Community environmental monitoring; Multi parameter detection; Remote alarm; WiFi transmission
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 温湿度检测模块电路设计
3.4 空气质量检测模块电路设计
3.5 光照检测模块电路设计
3.6 噪声检测模块电路设计
3.7 粉尘检测模块电路设计
3.8 显示模块电路设计
3.9 按键模块电路设计
3.10 声光报警模块电路设计
3.11 WiFi 模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.6 PM2.5检测模块子流程设计
4.7 WiFi模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 多参数检测及显示功能测试
5.3 声光报警与手机弹窗联动功能测试
5.4 按键阈值设置功能测试
5.5 WiFi 远程数据上传及控制功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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