设计说明书
总字数：16000+
摘 要
车辆速度监控系统能有效地保障道路交通安全。然而，传统车辆速度监控系统存在监测不及时、不准确等问题，这不仅对道路交通安全构成威胁，还可能引发一系列事故，给人们的生命财产安全带来隐患。因此，研发一款智能化车辆速度监控系统尤为重要。
本文设计一款基于STM32单片机的车辆速度监控系统。该系统采用软硬件配合的设计方式，硬件部分包括霍尔传感器、颜色传感器和红外传感器等。该系统首先通过车辆颜色传感器获取车辆周围的图像数据和颜色信息。通过红外传感器和霍尔传感器获取车辆速度。在获得车辆速度和颜色信息后，系统会对颜色、速度等信息进行综合判断。如果车辆速度超过预设的速度阈值，并且颜色匹配为预设的超速颜色，系统将触发超速报警，以提醒驾驶员注意速度控制，从而避免超速引发的交通事故。软件部分则主要负责处理传感器采集的数据，实现系统的逻辑控制和报警功能。
测试表明，该系统可以正常实现预设功能为车辆速度监控领域的发展提供了新的思路和方案，具有一定的实用性和可推广性。未来，将继续优化和完善该系统，提高其性能和稳定性，为道路交通安全做出更大的贡献。
关键词：车辆速度监测；单片机；传感器；超速报警；交通安全
Abstract
The vehicle speed monitoring system can effectively ensure road traffic safety. However, traditional vehicle speed monitoring systems have problems such as untimely and inaccurate monitoring, which not only poses a threat to road traffic safety, but may also cause a series of accidents, posing hidden dangers to people’s life and property safety. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop an intelligent vehicle speed monitoring system.
This article designs a vehicle speed monitoring system based on the STM32 microcontroller. The system adopts a design approach that combines software and hardware, and the hardware part includes Hall sensors, color sensors, and infrared sensors. The system first obtains image data and color information around the vehicle through vehicle color sensors. Obtain vehicle speed through infrared sensors and Hall sensors. After obtaining the vehicle speed and color information, the system will make a comprehensive judgment on the color, speed, and other information. If the vehicle speed exceeds the preset speed threshold and the color matches the preset speeding color, the system will trigger a speeding alarm to remind the driver to pay attention to speed control and avoid traffic accidents caused by speeding. The software part is mainly responsible for processing the data collected by sensors, implementing logical control and alarm functions of the system.
Tests have shown that the system can achieve preset functions normally, providing new ideas and solutions for the development of vehicle speed monitoring, and has certain practicality and scalability. In the future, we will continue to optimize and improve the system, enhance its performance and stability, and make greater contributions to road traffic safety.
Key words：Vehicle speed monitoring; Microcontroller; Sensors; Overspeed alarm; traffic safety.
目 录
1 绪论
1.1研究背景与意义
1.2国内外发展历程
1.2.1国外研究现状
1.2.2国内研究现状
1.3研究方法和内容
1.3.1研究的主要方法
1.3.2研究的主要内容
2 需求分析
2.1总体需求
2.2 功能需求
2.3系统设计方案与芯片选型
2.3.1 系统整体设计方案
2.3.2 主控芯片选择
2.3.2显示模块方案选择
2.3.4车速监测模块方案选择
2.3.5 颜色检测模块方案选择
3 硬件设计
3.1主控电路模块
3.2 颜色监测模块电路设计
3.3 霍尔测速模块电路设计
3.4 红外接收模块VS1838控速模块电路设计
3.5 显示模块电路设计
3.6 时钟模块电路设计
3.7 声光报警模块电路设计
3.8 独立按键电路模块
4 系统软件设计
4.1 总体程序设计
4.2传感器及显示模块设计
4.2.1 颜色传感器模块功能设计及实现
4.2.2 霍尔传感器模块功能设计及实现
4.2.3 红外传感器模块功能设计及实现
4..2.3 显示模块功能设计及实现
4.3时钟模块功能设计及实现
4.4按键模块功能设计及实现
5 系统功能测试
5.1系统模块功能测试
5.1.1 颜色传感器模块功能测试
5.1.2 霍尔传感器模块功能测试
5.1.3 红外传感器模块功能测试
5.1.4 显示模块功能测试
5.1.5 时钟模块功能测试
5.1.6 按键模块功能测试
5.2 系统总功能测试
结论
致谢
附录一 系统实物图
附录二 系统原理图
附录二 系统程序