设计说明书
总字数：19000+
摘要
随着城市化进程加快与环境污染问题凸显，室内空气质量对人体健康的影响愈发显著。有害气体、PM2.5、甲醛等污染物长期超标，易引发呼吸道疾病、过敏反应等健康问题；温湿度异常也会降低居住舒适度，甚至影响人体生理机能。对于老人、儿童等敏感人群而言，若无法及时察觉空气质量异常并采取干预措施，可能加剧健康风险。因此，研发一款能实时监测空气质量、自动净化且具备人机交互功能的空气净化器系统，具有重要现实意义。
本设计提出一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的空气净化器系统。系统核心功能包括：通过 MQ-135 传感器监测环境有害气体浓度、GP2Y1014AU 传感器监测 PM2.5 浓度、MS110 传感器监测甲醛浓度，当任一指标超过设定阈值时，系统启动声光报警，并通过继电器控制风扇与雾化器开启净化；通过 DHT11 传感器监测环境温湿度，当温度或湿度超出设定范围时，CN-TTS 语音模块播报异常信息；用户可通过按键切换工作模式、手动控制风扇与净化器运行，也可设置各项参数阈值；通过 OLED 液晶显示屏实时展示监测参数、当前工作模式及预设阈值；同时，系统通过 ECBO2 蓝牙模块将数据传输至手机端，用户可在手机端查看数据并远程控制风扇与净化器工作。
该空气净化器系统的作用在于，为用户提供了一种全面、智能的室内空气质量管理方案。通过多参数实时监测与自动净化，能快速改善室内空气质量，减少污染物对健康的威胁；语音播报与声光报警功能确保用户及时掌握环境异常；按键与手机端双重控制方式，提升了使用便捷性，适配不同场景需求。整体设计兼顾实用性与智能化，为营造健康、舒适的室内环境提供有力保障。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6 单片机；空气净化器系统；多参数监测；自动净化；蓝牙控制
Abstract
With the acceleration of urbanization and the emergence of environmental pollution issues, the impact of indoor air quality on human health is becoming increasingly significant. Harmful gases PM2.5、 Long term excessive levels of pollutants such as formaldehyde can easily cause health problems such as respiratory diseases and allergic reactions; Abnormal temperature and humidity can also reduce living comfort and even affect human physiological functions. For sensitive groups such as the elderly and children, if they cannot detect abnormal air quality in a timely manner and take intervention measures, it may exacerbate health risks. Therefore, developing an air purifier system that can monitor air quality in real time, automatically purify, and has human-computer interaction functions is of great practical significance.
This design proposes an air purifier system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The core functions of the system include monitoring the concentration of harmful gases in the environment through MQ-135 sensors, monitoring PM2.5 concentration through GP2Y1014AU sensors, and monitoring formaldehyde concentration through MS110 sensors. When any indicator exceeds the set threshold, the system will activate an audible and visual alarm and control the fan and atomizer to start purification through relays; Monitor environmental temperature and humidity through DHT11 sensors. When the temperature or humidity exceeds the set range, the CN-TTS voice module will report abnormal information; Users can switch working modes, manually control the operation of fans and purifiers, and set various parameter thresholds through buttons; Real time display of monitoring parameters, current working mode, and preset thresholds through OLED LCD screen; At the same time, the system transmits data to the mobile phone through the ECBO2 Bluetooth module, allowing users to view the data and remotely control the operation of the fan and purifier on the mobile phone.
The function of this air purifier system is to provide users with a comprehensive and intelligent indoor air quality management solution. By real-time monitoring and automatic purification with multiple parameters, indoor air quality can be quickly improved and the threat of pollutants to health can be reduced; Voice broadcasting and sound and light alarm functions ensure that users can timely grasp environmental abnormalities; The dual control method of buttons and mobile phone enhances the convenience of use and adapts to different scene requirements. The overall design balances practicality and intelligence, providing strong support for creating a healthy and comfortable indoor environment.
Keywords： STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller; Air purifier system; Multi parameter monitoring; Automatic purification; Bluetooth control
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 多参数检测模块电路设计
3.4 显示模块电路设计
3.5 控制与交互模块电路设计
3.6 执行与报警模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.5 OLED显示流程设计
4.6 GP2Y10模块子流通
4.7 蓝牙模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 多参数检测与显示功能测试
5.3 污染物超标声光报警与净化功能测试
5.4 温湿度超标语音播报功能测试
5.5 按键与蓝牙远程控制功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序