设计说明书
总字数：15000+
摘要
随着人口老龄化程度的加深以及人们对老年健康关注度的持续提升，老年人的体温与心率作为反映身体健康状态的关键指标，其实时、准确监测成为保障老年人健康生活的重要环节。对于老年人群体而言，体温和心率的异常变化若未能及时察觉与干预，可能会延误健康问题的处理时机，对其身体健康乃至生命安全构成潜在威胁。因此，研发一种适合老年人使用、能便捷且精准监测体温与心率的设备具有重要现实意义。
本设计提出了一种基于 STC89C52 单片机的老人健康检测系统。系统主要功能包括：通过 DS18B20 温度传感器实时监测当前老年用户的体温；借助 PulseSensor 心率传感器准确检测当前老年用户的心率；通过 LCD1602 显示屏清晰展示测量得到的体温与心率数值，方便用户直观查看；当系统检测到体温或心率数值超出预先设置的正常范围时，会立即启动声光报警功能，及时提醒用户及相关人员关注健康状况；同时，用户可通过系统配备的按键，根据实际需求灵活设置体温和心率的正常参考范围，提升系统的适用性。
该老人健康检测系统的作用在于，为老年人提供了一种操作简便、性能可靠的健康监测工具。通过对体温和心率的实时监测与异常报警，能够帮助老年人及其照护者尽早发现潜在的健康风险，便于及时采取相应的健康干预措施，有效保障老年人的身体健康，提高其晚年生活质量。
关键词：单片机；老人健康检测系统；体温监测；心率监测
Design of Electronic Blood Pressure Monitor Based on Single Chip Microcomputer
Abstract
With the improvement of living standards and the enhancement of health awareness, monitoring blood pressure and heart rate has become an important part of people’s attention to their own health. For middle-aged and elderly people, abnormal fluctuations in blood pressure and heart rate, if not monitored and treated in a timely manner, may lead to serious health problems and even endanger their lives. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a device that can conveniently and accurately monitor blood pressure and heart rate.
This design proposes an electronic blood pressure monitor based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: detecting the current user’s diastolic and systolic blood pressure through the blood pressure detection module; Using a heart rate detection module to measure the current user’s heart rate; The user initiates the measurement by pressing a button; When abnormal heart rate or blood pressure is detected, the system will sound and light an alarm; Display measurement values through OLED; At the same time, the system stores the detected blood pressure through a storage module, which can hold up to 20 sets, and users can view them by pressing a button.
The function of this electronic blood pressure monitor is to provide people with a convenient and effective tool for monitoring blood pressure and heart rate. By timely monitoring and alerting, it can help people detect health hazards as early as possible, facilitate timely measures, ensure physical health, and improve quality of life.
Keywords： microcontroller; Electronic sphygmomanometer; Blood pressure monitoring; Heart rate monitoring
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 体温检测模块电路设计
3.4 心率检测模块电路设计
3.5 显示模块电路设计
3.6 按键模块电路设计
3.7 声光报警模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 A/D模数转换子流程
4.5 温度检测模块子流程
4.6 LCD1602液晶显示子流程
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 体温检测与显示功能测试
5.3 心率检测与显示功能测试
5.4 阈值设置功能测试
5.5 声光报警功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序