设计说明书
总字数：20000+
摘要
随着家禽养殖产业的规模化发展，鸡雏孵化过程中温湿度、CO₂浓度等环境参数的精准控制，成为保障孵化率与鸡雏健康的关键环节。若孵化环境参数长期偏离适宜范围，易导致鸡雏孵化失败、成活率降低，给养殖者带来经济损失。因此，研发一种能自动监测并调控鸡雏孵化环境参数的系统具有重要现实意义。
本设计提出了一种基于 STC89C52 单片机的鸡雏孵化环境参数控制系统。系统主要功能包括：通过 DHT11 温湿度传感器实时检测孵化环境温湿度，当温湿度超出设置的上下阈值时，系统触发声光报警；若温度低于设定最小值，通过继电器启动加热设备升温；若湿度低于设定最小值，通过继电器启动加湿设备增湿；若温度或湿度高于设定最大值，则启动通风设备（继电器控制）调节；通过 SGP30 传感器获取环境 CO₂浓度，当 CO₂浓度超过设定最大值时，系统触发声光报警，并同步启动通风设备降低 CO₂浓度；支持通过按键灵活设置温湿度、CO₂浓度的各项控制阈值；通过 LCD1602 显示屏清晰展示实时温湿度、CO₂浓度及各项设定阈值等数据；此外，系统搭载 ECBO2 蓝牙模块，可将采集的环境参数数据实时发送至手机端，方便养殖者远程查看。
该鸡雏孵化环境参数控制系统的作用在于，为养殖者提供了一种自动化、精准化的孵化环境管理工具。通过实时监测、自动调控与远程数据查看功能，既能保障鸡雏孵化过程始终处于适宜环境中，有效提升孵化率与鸡雏质量，又能减少人工监管成本，提升养殖管理效率。
关键词：鸡雏孵化；STC89C52；DHT11；SGP30；蓝牙传输
Design of Chicken Hatching Environment Parameter Control System Based on Single Chip Microcomputer
Abstract
With the large-scale development of the poultry farming industry, precise control of environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and CO ₂ concentration during the hatching process of chicks has become a key link in ensuring hatching rate and chick health. If the incubation environment parameters deviate from the appropriate range for a long time, it can easily lead to hatching failure and reduced survival rate of chicks, causing economic losses to breeders. Therefore, developing a system that can automatically monitor and regulate the parameters of the hatching environment for chicken chicks is of great practical significance.
This design proposes a parameter control system for chicken hatching environment based on STC89C52 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: real-time detection of incubation environment temperature and humidity through DHT11 temperature and humidity sensors. When the temperature and humidity exceed the set upper and lower thresholds, the system triggers an audible and visual alarm; If the temperature is lower than the set minimum value, the heating equipment will be activated through a relay to raise the temperature; If the humidity is lower than the set minimum value, activate the humidification device through a relay to increase humidity; If the temperature or humidity is higher than the set maximum value, start the ventilation equipment (relay control) for adjustment; Obtain the environmental CO ₂ concentration through the SGP30 sensor. When the CO ₂ concentration exceeds the set maximum value, the system triggers an audible and visual alarm and synchronously starts the ventilation equipment to reduce the CO ₂ concentration; Support flexible setting of temperature, humidity, and CO ₂ concentration control thresholds through buttons; Clear display of real-time temperature and humidity, CO ₂ concentration, and various set thresholds through the LCD1602 display screen; In addition, the system is equipped with ECBO2 Bluetooth module, which can send the collected environmental parameter data to the mobile phone in real time, making it convenient for breeders to view remotely.
The function of this chick hatching environment parameter control system is to provide breeders with an automated and precise hatching environment management tool. Through real-time monitoring, automatic regulation, and remote data viewing functions, it can ensure that the hatching process of chicks is always in a suitable environment, effectively improving hatching rate and chick quality, while reducing manual supervision costs and improving breeding management efficiency.
Keywords：hatching of chicks; STC89C52； DHT11； SGP30； Bluetooth transmission
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2 系统总体方案设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 温湿度检测模块电路设计
3.4 CO₂浓度检测模块电路设计
3.5 显示模块电路设计
3.6 按键模块电路设计
3.7 声光报警模块电路设计
3.8 继电器控制模块电路设计
3.9 蓝牙通信模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.5 SGP30模块子流程设计
4.6 LCD1602显示屏子流程设计
4.7 蓝牙模块子流程设计
5 仿真绘制与功能测试
5.1 仿真绘制
5.2 温湿度与 CO₂浓度检测及显示功能测试
5.3 阈值设置功能测试
5.4 声光报警与继电器控制功能测试
5.5 蓝牙数据传输功能测试
6 实物制作与功能测试
6.1 实物制作
6.2 温湿度与 CO₂浓度检测及显示功能测试
6.3 阈值设置功能测试
6.4 声光报警与继电器控制功能测试
6.5 蓝牙数据传输功能测试
7 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
购买后可查看具体内容！