设计说明书
总字数：16000+
摘要
随着城市公共交通网络不断扩张与市民出行需求的日益增长，公交车报站的精准性、实时性及信息透明度，已成为提升公交服务质量、优化市民出行体验的关键环节。当前传统公交报站系统多依赖司机手动操作，易因人为疏忽出现漏报、错报情况，且无法实时反馈车内人数，导致乘客难以及时掌握车辆拥挤度，影响出行决策；因此，研发一款兼具自动精准定位、实时人数监测、语音与视觉双重提示及灵活报站模式的智能报站系统，对提升公交运营效率与服务水平具有重要现实意义。
本设计提出一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能公交车车站报站系统。系统核心功能包括：通过 ATGM332D-5N GPS 模块实时采集公交车位置信息，传输至 STM32F103C8T6 单片机进行位置判断，精准识别当前到站站点；借助分离式红外开关模块，通过乘客上下车时对红外信号的遮挡，实时统计并传输公交车内当前人数；通过 CN-TTS 语音模块，在公交车到站时自动播报到站信息（如 “前方到站 XX 站，请乘客做好下车准备”），同时播报当前车内人数（如 “当前车内人数 XX 人”）；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示当前公交站点、下一站站点、车内人数及报站模式等信息，方便乘客直观获取出行数据；支持按键切换手动报站与自动报站两种模式，自动模式下依托 GPS 定位实现无人干预报站，手动模式可在特殊路况（如 GPS 信号弱）时由司机触发报站，保障报站连续性。
该智能公交车车站报站系统的作用在于，为城市公共交通提供了一套精准、高效、多功能的报站解决方案。从而推动城市公共交通向智能化、人性化方向发展。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；公交报站；GPS；红外人数监测；语音模块；OLED
Intelligent bus stop announcement system based on STM32
Abstract
With the continuous expansion of urban public transportation networks and the increasing demand for citizens’ travel, the accuracy, real-time performance, and information transparency of bus stop announcements have become key links in improving the quality of bus services and optimizing citizens’ travel experience. The current traditional bus stop announcement system relies heavily on manual operation by drivers, which can easily result in missed or incorrect announcements due to human negligence, and cannot provide real-time feedback on the number of passengers in the bus, making it difficult for passengers to grasp the congestion level of the vehicle in a timely manner and affecting travel decisions; Therefore, developing an intelligent stop announcement system that combines automatic precise positioning, real-time crowd monitoring, dual voice and visual prompts, and flexible stop announcement modes is of great practical significance for improving the efficiency and service level of public transportation operations.
This design proposes an intelligent bus stop announcement system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The core functions of the system include: real-time collection of bus location information through the ATGM332D-5N GPS module, transmission to the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller for location determination, and accurate identification of the current destination station; With the help of a separate infrared switch module, real-time statistics and transmission of the current number of people inside the bus can be achieved by blocking the infrared signal when passengers get on and off the bus; Through the CN-TTS voice module, the arrival information of the bus will be automatically announced when it arrives (such as “XX station ahead, please prepare to get off the bus”), and the current number of passengers in the bus will also be announced (such as “XX people in the current bus”); Real time display of current bus stop, next stop, number of passengers in the bus, and announcement mode through OLED display screen, making it convenient for passengers to intuitively obtain travel data; Support button switching between manual and automatic station announcement modes. In automatic mode, unmanned station prediction is achieved based on GPS positioning. In manual mode, the driver can trigger station announcement in special road conditions (such as weak GPS signal) to ensure continuity of station announcement.
The function of this intelligent bus stop announcement system is to provide a precise, efficient, and multifunctional stop announcement solution for urban public transportation. Thus promoting the development of urban public transportation towards intelligence and humanization.
Keywords：STM32F103C8T6; Bus stop announcement; GPS； Infrared personnel monitoring; Voice module; OLED
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 GPS 定位模块电路设计
3.4 人数检测模块电路设计
3.5 语音播报模块电路设计
3.6 显示模块电路设计
3.7 按键模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 主程序流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5分离式红外开关模块子流程设计
4.6 GPS模块子流程设计
4.7 语音播报模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 GPS 定位与到站判断功能测试
5.3 人数检测功能测试
5.4 语音报站与显示功能测试
5.5 手动 / 自动报站模式切换功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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