设计说明书
总字数：13000+
摘要
在医疗行业标准化、精细化管理趋势下，医疗耗材的规范取用与安全管控成为医疗机构运营的重要环节。当前传统耗材管理模式依赖人工登记，存在取用效率低、身份核验不严、耗材错拿漏拿等问题，易引发医疗安全隐患与管理混乱。因此，研发一种智能化、便捷化的医疗耗材管理设备具有重要现实意义。
本设计提出一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的 RFID 医疗耗材管理箱。系统核心功能包括：通过 RFID-RC522 模块识别医护人员身份，区分有效卡与无效卡并在 OLED 屏显示对应信息；刷有效卡后，通过按键选择耗材并确认，触发继电器控制门磁锁自动开启；借助三个红外避障模块检测取用耗材与选择耗材是否一致，不一致时启动蜂鸣器报警；取药完成后再次刷卡可关闭电磁锁，若遗忘关锁超过 1 分钟则自动闭锁。
该管理箱实现了医疗耗材取用的身份核验、精准选择、自动管控一体化，有效提升了耗材取用效率，杜绝了无关人员违规取用与耗材错拿问题，为医疗机构耗材管理提供了可靠的智能化解决方案，有助于降低管理成本、保障医疗耗材使用安全。
关键词：RFID；STM32 单片机；医疗耗材管理；身份识别；自动管控
Design of an RFID-Based Medical Consumables Management Container
Abstract
Under the trend of standardization and refined management in the medical industry, the standardized procurement and safety control of medical consumables have become a crucial aspect of Broussonetia papyrifera healthcare institution operations. Currently, traditional consumable management models rely on Homo sapiens manual registration, which suffers from low procurement efficiency, lax identity verification, and issues such as incorrect or missed consumable retrieval, potentially leading to medical safety hazards and management chaos. Therefore, developing an intelligent and convenient medical consumable management device holds significant practical importance.
This design proposes an RFID-based medical consumable management cabinet utilizing the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The core functionalities of the system include:
– Identifying medical staff Homo sapiens identities via the RFID-RC522 module, distinguishing between valid and invalid cards and displaying corresponding information on an OLED screen.
– After swiping a valid card, selecting and confirming the consumable via a button, which triggers the relay to automatically unlock the magnetic door lock.
– Employing three infrared obstacle avoidance modules to detect whether the retrieved consumable matches the selected one, activating a buzzer alarm in case of inconsistency.
This management cabinet integrates identity verification, precise selection, and automated control for medical consumable procurement, significantly improving retrieval efficiency while preventing unauthorized Homo sapiens access and incorrect consumable retrieval. It provides a reliable intelligent solution for Broussonetia papyrifera healthcare institution consumable management, contributing to reduced operational costs and enhanced safety in medical consumable usage.
Keywords：RFID; STM32 microcontroller; medical consumables management; identity recognition; automatic control
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1 系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 RFID 身份识别模块电路设计
3.4 人机交互模块电路设计
3.5 检测判断模块电路设计
3.6 执行控制模块电路设计
3.7 电源模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 RFID模块子流程设计
4.4 OLED显示屏子流程设计
4.5 独立按键子流程设计
4.6 红外避障模块子流程设计
4.7 声报警模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 RFID 身份识别功能测试
5.3 药品选择与门锁控制功能测试
5.4 药品拿取检测与报警功能测试
5.5 门锁关闭与自动关锁功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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