设计说明书
总字数：12000+
摘要
随着电动车保有量的快速增长，电瓶及车辆被盗问题日益突出，给用户造成严重的财产损失。传统电动车防盗装置多依赖机械锁或简单声光报警，防盗效果有限，无法及时向用户传递异常信息，也缺乏定位追踪功能，导致被盗后追回难度大。因此，研发一种集主动预警、远程通知与定位功能于一体的智能防盗系统具有重要现实意义。
本设计提出一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的电动车防盗警示系统。系统主要功能包括：通过按键控制继电器实现车辆锁车与开锁；锁车状态下，MPU6050 检测到电瓶移动时，CN-TTS 语音模块播报 “请勿偷窃电瓶”，同时 AIM900A GSM 模块发送异常短信；SW-420 震动模块检测到车辆震动时，语音播报 “请远离车辆” 并同步发送短信预警；用户发送 “PLACE” 短信至 GSM 模块，可通过 GPS 定位模块获取车辆实时位置。
该系统为电动车提供了多层次的防盗保护，通过主动语音警示威慑盗窃行为，借助 GSM 模块实现远程异常通知，结合 GPS 定位提升车辆追回概率，有效保障用户财产安全，具有较高的实用价值。
关键词：单片机；电动车防盗；语音提示；GSM 通信；GPS 定位
Design and Implementation of an Anti-Theft Warning System for Electric Vehicles Based on Voice Prompts
Abstract
With the rapid growth of electric vehicle ownership, the problem of battery and vehicle theft has become increasingly prominent, causing serious property losses to users. Traditional electric vehicle anti-theft devices mostly rely on mechanical locks or simple sound and light alarms, with limited anti-theft effects. They cannot timely transmit abnormal information to users and lack positioning and tracking functions, making it difficult to recover after theft. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop an intelligent anti-theft system integrating active early warning, remote notification and positioning functions.
This design proposes an electric vehicle anti-theft warning system based on STM32F103C8T6 single-chip microcomputer. The main functions of the system include: controlling the relay through buttons to realize vehicle locking and unlocking; in the locked state, when the MPU6050 detects battery movement, the CN-TTS voice module broadcasts “Do not steal the battery”, and the AIM900A GSM module sends an abnormal short message; when the SW-420 vibration module detects vehicle vibration, it broadcasts “Please stay away from the vehicle” and sends a short message warning synchronously; users can send the short message “PLACE” to the GSM module to obtain the real-time position of the vehicle through the GPS positioning module.
The system provides multi-level anti-theft protection for electric vehicles. It deters theft through active voice warning, realizes remote abnormal notification via GSM module, and improves the probability of vehicle recovery with GPS positioning, effectively protecting users’ property safety and having high practical value.
Keywords：Single-chip Microcomputer; Electric Vehicle Anti-theft; Voice Prompt; GSM Communication; GPS Positioning
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1 系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 检测模块电路设计
3.4 交互与执行模块电路设计
3.5 警示与通信模块电路设计
3.6 电源模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 MPU6050模块子流程设计
4.4 震动检测模块子流程设计
4.5 GPS模块子流程设计
4.6 独立按键子流程设计
4.7 语音播报模块子流程设计
4.8 GSM发送短信子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 按键控制锁车 / 开锁功能测试
5.3 电瓶移动检测与报警功能测试
5.4 车辆震动检测与警示功能测试
5.5 GPS 定位与远程查询功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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