设计说明书
总字数：17000+
随着人们对居住环境舒适度和健康性要求的不断提升，居家空气的温度调节与质量监测成为日常生活中的重要需求。传统居家空气调节方式多依赖人工操作，存在调节不及时、智能化程度低等问题，难以满足人们对便捷、高效空气管理的需求。因此，研发一种具备自动调节与智能监测功能的居家空气调节系统具有重要意义。
本设计提出一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的居家空气调节系统。系统主要功能包括：通过 DS18B20 温度传感器检测环境温度，当温度超出设定上下限时，通过 MX1508 驱动模块控制风扇和净化器开启，并根据温度区间实现风扇一档、二档、三档的调速控制；通过 D203S 人体红外传感器检测是否有人，无人时自动关闭风扇和净化器；通过 HC-R04 超声波传感器检测人体与风扇的距离，距离小于设定最小值时自动关闭风扇；通过 4 个独立按键实现阈值设置、风速及净化器手动控制与模式切换；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示各项测量数据；通过 GP2Y1014AU 传感器检测 PM2.5 浓度，超出设定最大值时进行声光报警并开启风扇和净化器；同时，通过蓝牙模块将测量数据传输至手机端，且支持手机端对风扇、净化器及模式的远程控制。
该居家空气调节系统的作用在于，为用户提供了一种智能化、自动化的居家空气管理方案。通过多参数监测与自动调控，有效提升了居家环境的舒适度与安全性，同时兼顾便捷性与节能性，满足了现代家庭的空气调节需求。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；居家空气调节系统；传感器；蓝牙通信；智能控制
Design of Home Air Conditioning System Based on STM32F103C8T6 Single-Chip Microcomputer
Abstract
With the continuous improvement of people’s requirements for the comfort and health of living environments, temperature regulation and quality monitoring of home air have become important needs in daily life. Traditional home air conditioning methods mostly rely on manual operation, which have problems such as untimely regulation and low intelligence, making it difficult to meet people’s needs for convenient and efficient air management. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a home air conditioning system with automatic regulation and intelligent monitoring functions.
This design proposes a home air conditioning system based on the STM32F103C8T6 single-chip microcomputer. The main functions of the system include: detecting the ambient temperature through the DS18B20 temperature sensor; when the temperature exceeds the set upper and lower limits, the MX1508 driver module is used to control the fan and purifier to turn on, and the fan speed is adjusted to 1st gear, 2nd gear and 3rd gear according to the temperature range; detecting whether there is a person through the D203S human infrared sensor, and automatically turning off the fan and purifier when there is no one; detecting the distance between the human body and the fan through the HC-R04 ultrasonic sensor, and automatically turning off the fan when the distance is less than the set minimum value; realizing threshold setting, manual control of wind speed and purifier, and mode switching through 4 independent keys; displaying various measurement data in real time through the OLED display; detecting PM2.5 concentration through the GP2Y1014AU sensor, and giving an acousto-optic alarm and turning on the fan and purifier when the concentration exceeds the set maximum value; at the same time, transmitting the measurement data to the mobile phone through the Bluetooth module, and supporting remote control of the fan, purifier and mode on the mobile phone.
The function of this home air conditioning system is to provide users with an intelligent and automatic home air management solution. Through multi-parameter monitoring and automatic control, it effectively improves the comfort and safety of the home environment, while taking into account convenience and energy saving, meeting the air conditioning needs of modern families.
Keywords：STM32F103C8T6; Home Air Conditioning System; Sensor; Bluetooth Communication; Intelligent Control
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1 系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 温度检测模块电路设计
3.4 PM2.5 检测模块电路设计
3.5 人体感知模块电路设计
3.6 驱动模块电路设计
3.7 显示模块电路设计
3.8 按键模块电路设计
3.9 蓝牙通信模块电路设计
3.10 声光报警模块电路设计
3.11 电源模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键子流程设计
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 温度检测模块子流程
4.6 蓝牙模块子流程
4.7 GP2Y10模块子流通
4.8 直流电机-MX1508驱动模块子流程
4.9 超声波检测模块子流程
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 温度检测与风扇调速功能测试
5.3 PM2.5 检测与声光报警功能测试
5.4 人体感知与安全控制功能测试
5.5 按键交互与模式切换功能测试
5.6 蓝牙通信与远程控制功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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