设计说明书
总字数：18000+
随着养殖业向智能化、精细化方向发展，鸟类生长环境的精准调控与养殖过程的高效管理成为提升养殖效益、保障鸟类健康的关键环节。传统养殖方式依赖人工巡检，存在监测不及时、调控滞后、人力成本高等问题，难以满足现代化养殖需求。因此，研发一种能实时监测、智能调控且可远程管理的鸟类养殖系统具有重要现实意义。
本设计提出了一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能鸟类养殖系统。系统主要功能包括：通过 DHT11 温湿度检测模块实时采集养殖环境的温湿度数据；借助 5516 光照检测模块监测环境光照值，当光照低于预设最小值时，自动控制继电器开启照明灯；通过 SY 声音检测模块获取环境声音信息，辅助判断鸟类活动状态；利用 HX711 称重模块检测饲料与水源重量，当重量低于预设最小值时，触发继电器进行自动喂食和喂水操作，直至重量达到预设最大值；通过 OLED 显示屏直观展示各项监测数据，方便现场查看；同时，系统通过 ESP8266-12F WIFI 模块与手机 APP 建立通信，用户可在手机端远程查看实时数据，自定义设置各监测参数的阈值，并远程控制照明、喂食、喂水功能。
该智能鸟类养殖系统的应用，实现了鸟类养殖环境的自动化监测与智能调控，减少了人工干预，提升了养殖管理效率，为鸟类营造了稳定适宜的生长环境，有助于提高养殖成活率与经济效益，推动传统养殖业向智能化转型。
关键词：STM32 单片机；智能鸟类养殖；环境监测；自动调控；远程管理；WIFI 通信
STM32 – Based Intelligent Bird Breeding System
Abstract
With the development of the breeding industry towards intelligence and refinement, the precise regulation of the bird growth environment and the efficient management of the breeding process have become key links to improve breeding efficiency and ensure bird health. The traditional breeding method relies on manual inspection, which has problems such as untimely monitoring, delayed regulation and high labor cost, making it difficult to meet the needs of modern breeding. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a bird breeding system that can realize real – time monitoring, intelligent regulation and remote management.
This design proposes an intelligent bird breeding system based on the STM32F103C8T6 single – chip microcomputer. The main functions of the system are as follows: The DHT11 temperature and humidity detection module is used to collect the temperature and humidity data of the breeding environment in real time; the 5516 light detection module is used to monitor the environmental light value, and when the light is lower than the preset minimum value, the relay is automatically controlled to turn on the lighting lamp; the SY sound detection module is used to obtain the environmental sound information to assist in judging the activity state of birds; the HX711 weighing module is used to detect the weight of feed and water sources, and when the weight is lower than the preset minimum value, the relay is triggered to perform automatic feeding and water supply operations until the weight reaches the preset maximum value; the OLED display screen is used to intuitively display various monitoring data for on – site viewing; at the same time, the system establishes communication with the mobile APP through the ESP8266 – 12F WIFI module, so that users can remotely view real – time data on the mobile phone, customize the thresholds of various monitoring parameters, and remotely control the lighting, feeding and water supply functions.
The application of this intelligent bird breeding system realizes the automatic monitoring and intelligent regulation of the bird breeding environment, reduces manual intervention, improves the efficiency of breeding management, creates a stable and suitable growth environment for birds, helps to improve the survival rate of breeding and economic benefits, and promotes the transformation of the traditional breeding industry to intelligence.
Keywords：STM32 Single – chip Microcomputer; Intelligent Bird Breeding; Environmental Monitoring; Automatic Regulation; Remote Management; WIFI Communication
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1 系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 温湿度检测模块电路设计
3.4 光照检测模块电路设计
3.5 声音检测模块电路设计
3.6 称重模块电路设计
3.7 显示模块电路设计
3.8 继电器控制模块电路设计
3.9 WIFI 通信模块电路设计
3.10 电源模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
- 温度检测模块子流程设计
- 光照检测模块子流程设计
- 声音检测模块子流程设计
- 称重模块子流程设计
- OLED显示屏子流程设计
- WiFi模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 温湿度检测与显示功能测试
5.3 光照检测与自动照明控制功能测试
5.4 声音检测功能测试
5.5 称重检测与自动喂食喂水功能测试
5.6 WIFI 远程数据查看与阈值设置功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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