设计说明书
总字数：19000+
在仓储管理领域，温湿度是影响货物存储质量的关键因素，尤其是对食品、药品、电子元件等敏感类货物而言，温湿度的异常波动可能导致货物变质、损坏，造成严重的经济损失。传统仓库温湿度监测多依赖人工巡检，存在监测间隔长、数据记录不及时、异常响应滞后等问题，难以满足现代化仓储对温湿度精准管控的需求。因此，研发一种能实时监测、自动报警且具备数据存储功能的仓库温湿度监测系统十分必要。
本设计提出了一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的仓库温湿度监测系统。系统主要功能包括：通过 DHT11 温湿度检测模块实时采集仓库内的温度与湿度数据；用户通过三个 KEY 按键可灵活设置温湿度上下限阈值，同时可查看当前及历史监测数据；当检测到温湿度超出设定范围时，系统启动声光报警模块发出警示，同时通过 SIM900A GSM 模块向管理人员发送短信提醒；通过 AT24C02 存储模块按每分钟一次的频率自动存储温湿度值，保障数据可追溯；此外，系统通过 OLED 显示屏实时展示当前温湿度数据、设定阈值及报警状态，方便现场查看。
该仓库温湿度监测系统的应用，为仓储管理提供了一种高效、可靠的温湿度管控工具。通过实时监测、自动报警与数据存储，能够帮助管理人员及时发现温湿度异常并快速处理，有效保障货物存储质量，减少经济损失，同时降低人工管理成本，提升仓储管理的智能化水平。
关键词：STM32 单片机；仓库温湿度监测；DHT11；声光报警；GSM 短信提醒；数据存储
Warehouse Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System
Abstract
In the field of warehouse management, temperature and humidity are key factors affecting the quality of goods storage. Especially for sensitive goods such as food, medicines, and electronic components, abnormal fluctuations in temperature and humidity may cause goods to deteriorate or be damaged, resulting in serious economic losses. Traditional warehouse temperature and humidity monitoring mostly relies on manual inspection, which has problems such as long monitoring intervals, delayed data recording, and slow abnormal response, making it difficult to meet the needs of modern warehousing for precise temperature and humidity control. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a warehouse temperature and humidity monitoring system that can realize real – time monitoring, automatic alarm and data storage.
This design proposes a warehouse temperature and humidity monitoring system based on the STM32F103C8T6 single – chip microcomputer. The main functions of the system include: real – time collection of temperature and humidity data in the warehouse through the DHT11 temperature and humidity detection module; users can flexibly set the upper and lower threshold values of temperature and humidity through three KEY buttons, and can view the current and historical monitoring data at the same time; when it is detected that the temperature and humidity exceed the set range, the system starts the sound and light alarm module to issue a warning, and at the same time sends a short message reminder to the management personnel through the SIM900A GSM module; the AT24C02 storage module automatically stores temperature and humidity values at a frequency of once per minute to ensure data traceability; in addition, the system displays the current temperature and humidity data, set thresholds and alarm status in real time through the OLED display, which is convenient for on – site viewing.
The application of this warehouse temperature and humidity monitoring system provides an efficient and reliable temperature and humidity control tool for warehouse management. Through real – time monitoring, automatic alarm and data storage, it can help managers detect temperature and humidity abnormalities in a timely manner and deal with them quickly, effectively ensuring the quality of goods storage, reducing economic losses, and at the same time reducing manual management costs and improving the intelligence level of warehouse management.
Keywords：STM32 Single – chip Microcomputer; Warehouse Temperature and Humidity Monitoring; DHT11; Sound and Light Alarm; GSM Short Message Reminder; Data Storage
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1 系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 温湿度检测模块电路设计
3.4 按键模块电路设计
3.5 显示模块电路设计
3.6 声光报警模块电路设计
3.7 GSM 短信报警模块电路设计
3.8 存储模块电路设计
3.9 电源模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 温湿度检测模块子流程设计
4.4 独立按键子流程设计
4.5 OLED显示屏子流程设计
4.6 声光报警模块子流程设计
4.7 GSM发送短信子流程设计
4.8 存储模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 温湿度检测与 OLED 显示功能测试
5.3 按键阈值设置与数据查看功能测试
5.4 声光报警与 GSM 短信提醒功能测试
5.5 AT24C02 数据存储功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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