设计说明书
总字数：16000+
随着工业化进程的加快和机动车保有量的激增，室外空气质量问题日益凸显，SO₂、CO、O₃等有害气体以及 PM2.5 等颗粒物对人体健康和生态环境的影响备受关注。实时、准确地监测室外空气质量参数，对于人们规避污染危害、相关部门开展环境治理工作具有重要意义。因此，研发一种便捷、可靠的室外空气质量监测设备十分必要。
本设计提出了一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的室外空气质量监测系统。系统主要功能包括：通过 MQ-135 传感器、MQ-7 传感器、MQ-131 传感器分别监测空气中 SO₂、CO、O₃的浓度，通过 GP2Y10 传感器检测 PM2.5 含量；用户通过 3 个 KEY 按键实现显示界面切换及参数最大值设置；借助 OLED 显示屏实时展示各项测量值与参数设置值；当监测到任意参数浓度大于预设最大值时，系统启动声光报警进行提醒；同时，系统通过 ESP8266 WIFI 模块将监测数据远程传输至手机端，用户亦可在手机端远程设置参数最大值。
该室外空气质量监测系统的作用在于，为用户提供了一种实时、全面的室外空气质量监测工具。通过本地显示、远程传输与异常报警功能，帮助用户及时掌握周边空气质量状况，便于采取防护措施，同时也为环境监测提供基础数据支持，助力改善人居环境。
关键词：单片机；空气质量监测；传感器；WIFI 传输；声光报警
Design and Implementation of Outdoor Air Quality Monitoring System
Abstract
In clinical medicine, infusion therapy, as a commonly used drug administration method, its safWith the acceleration of industrialization and the surge in the number of motor vehicles, outdoor air quality problems have become increasingly prominent. The impact of harmful gases such as SO₂, CO, O₃, and particulate matter such as PM2.5 on human health and the ecological environment has attracted widespread attention. Real-time and accurate monitoring of outdoor air quality parameters is of great significance for people to avoid pollution hazards and for relevant departments to carry out environmental governance work. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a convenient and reliable outdoor air quality monitoring device.
This design proposes an outdoor air quality monitoring system based on the STM32F103C8T6 single-chip microcomputer. The main functions of the system include: monitoring the concentrations of SO₂, CO, and O₃ in the air through MQ-135 sensor, MQ-7 sensor, and MQ-131 sensor respectively, and detecting the PM2.5 content through the GP2Y10 sensor; users can switch display interfaces and set the maximum value of parameters through 3 KEY buttons; real-time display of various measured values and parameter setting values by means of an OLED display screen; when any parameter concentration is monitored to be greater than the preset maximum value, the system activates an acousto-optic alarm to give a reminder; at the same time, the system remotely transmits the monitored data to the mobile phone terminal through the ESP8266 WIFI module, and users can also remotely set the maximum value of parameters on the mobile phone terminal.
The function of this outdoor air quality monitoring system is to provide users with a real-time and comprehensive outdoor air quality monitoring tool. Through local display, remote transmission and abnormal alarm functions, it helps users to timely grasp the surrounding air quality status, facilitating the adoption of protective measures. At the same time, it also provides basic data support for environmental monitoring, contributing to the improvement of the living environment.
Keywords：Single-chip microcomputer; Air quality monitoring; Sensor; WIFI transmission; Acousto-optic alarm
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1 系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 多参数传感器模块电路设计
3.4 显示模块电路设计
3.5 按键模块电路设计
3.6 声光报警模块电路设计
3.7 WIFI 通信模块电路设计
3.8 电源模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 MQ系列检测模块子流程设计
4.4 PM2.5检测模块子流程设计
4.5 OLED显示屏子流程设计
4.6 独立按键子流程设计
4.7 声光报警模块子流程设计
4.8 WiFi模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 多参数检测与显示功能测试
5.3 按键交互功能测试
5.4 声光报警功能测试
5.5 WIFI 远程传输与控制功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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