设计说明书
总字数：16000+
在工业生产与日常生活场景中，环境温湿度的异常、烟雾浓度超标及火灾隐患等问题，均可能对人员安全与财产稳定构成严重威胁。实时精准地监测环境参数并及时预警，成为保障环境安全的关键环节。因此，研发一种高效联动的环境检测与预警设备具有重要的现实意义。
本设计提出一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的 ZigBee 环境检测系统，采用主机 – 从机架构模式。从机模块可通过 DHT11 温湿度监测模块、MQ-2 烟雾传感器及 YS-17 火焰传感器，分别实现对环境温湿度、烟雾浓度及火灾情况的实时监测；同时配备紧急按键，按下后可向主机发送紧急信号并点亮红灯，所有监测数据及信号均通过 ZigBee 传输至主机。主机模块接收从机数据后，通过 OLED 显示屏进行实时展示；当接收到从机紧急信号或监测参数超出预设范围时，立即启动声光报警；此外，主机配备按键，可实现参数设置及从机紧急信号灯取消功能。
该系统为环境安全监测提供了高效联动的解决方案，通过实时监测、无线传输与及时预警的协同作用，能够快速发现环境中的安全隐患，为人员疏散及风险处置争取时间，有效提升环境安全保障水平。
关键词：ZigBee；环境检测；STM32 单片机；声光报警
Design of Environment Detection System Based on ZigBee
Abstract
In industrial production and daily life scenarios, issues such as abnormal environmental temperature and humidity, excessive smoke concentration, and fire hazards may pose serious threats to personal safety and property stability. Real-time and accurate monitoring of environmental parameters and timely early warning have become key links in ensuring environmental safety. Therefore, developing an efficient and linked environmental detection and early warning device is of great practical significance.
This design proposes a ZigBee environment detection system based on the STM32F103C8T6 single-chip microcomputer, adopting a master-slave architecture. The slave module can realize real-time monitoring of environmental temperature and humidity, smoke concentration, and fire conditions through the DHT11 temperature and humidity monitoring module, MQ-2 smoke sensor, and YS-17 flame sensor respectively. It is also equipped with an emergency button, which can send an emergency signal to the master and turn on the red light when pressed. All monitoring data and signals are transmitted to the master through ZigBee. After receiving the slave data, the master module displays it in real-time through the OLED display; when receiving an emergency signal from the slave or when the monitoring parameters exceed the preset range, it immediately activates the sound and light alarm; in addition, the master is equipped with buttons, which can realize parameter setting and cancellation of the slave’s emergency signal light.
The system provides an efficient and linked solution for environmental safety monitoring. Through the synergy of real-time monitoring, wireless transmission, and timely early warning, it can quickly detect potential safety hazards in the environment, gain time for personnel evacuation and risk disposal, and effectively improve the level of environmental safety protection.
Key words: ZigBee; Environment Detection; STM32 Single-Chip Microcomputer; Sound and Light Alarml
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1 系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 从机感知输入模块电路设计
3.4 无线通信模块电路设计
3.5 主机输出交互模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统从机流程设计
4.3 主机系统主流程设计
4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程设计
4.5 烟雾检测模块子流程设计
4.6 火焰检测模块子流程设计
4.7 独立按键子流程设计
4.8 zigbee模块子流程设计
4.9 OLED显示屏子流程设计
4.10 声光报警模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 环境参数监测与数据传输显示功能测试
5.3 紧急信号触发与传输功能测试
5.4 声光报警功能测试
5.5 参数设置功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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