设计说明书
总字数：14000+
随着公路交通事业的快速发展，隧道作为交通路网的重要组成部分，其行车安全性愈发受到关注。隧道内光线突变及照明不足易引发视觉适应问题，而传统常亮式照明模式不仅造成能源浪费，也难以根据交通流量动态适配照明需求。因此，研发一种能精准感知车辆状态、智能调节灯光且具备远程监控功能的隧道灯光控制系统十分必要。
本设计提出了一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的隧道灯光控制系统。系统主要功能包括：通过两对分离式红外对射管 FL 检测车辆进入与驶出隧道的状态；当车辆进入隧道后，控制灯光调节至最亮状态，待车辆驶出且隧道内无车辆时，将灯光亮度调暗；实时计算隧道内车辆数量，当车辆数超过设定最大值时，触发蜂鸣器报警；通过 ESP8266 WIFI 模块将隧道内车辆数量传输至手机端，同时支持手机端远程控制灯光的开启与关闭及车辆数量最大值的设置。
该隧道灯光控制系统的作用在于，为隧道照明提供了一种智能化、节能化的管理方案。通过精准感知车辆状态动态调节照明，既能保障行车安全，又能降低能源消耗；远程监控与报警功能则提升了隧道运营管理的便捷性与可靠性，为智慧交通建设提供有力支撑。
关键词：单片机；隧道灯光控制；车辆检测；WIFI 远程监控；节能照明
Design of Tunnel Light Control System Based on Single-Chip Microcomputer
Abstract
With the rapid development of highway transportation, tunnels, as an important part of the traffic network, have attracted increasing attention to driving safety. Sudden changes in light and insufficient lighting in tunnels can easily cause visual adaptation problems, while the traditional always-on lighting mode not only causes energy waste but also is difficult to dynamically adapt to lighting needs according to traffic flow. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a tunnel light control system that can accurately perceive vehicle status, intelligently adjust lights and have remote monitoring functions.
This design proposes a tunnel light control system based on STM32F103C8T6 single-chip microcomputer. The main functions of the system include: detecting the state of vehicles entering and exiting the tunnel through two pairs of separate infrared correlation tubes FL; when a vehicle enters the tunnel, controlling the light to adjust to the brightest state, and dimming the light when the vehicle exits and there are no vehicles in the tunnel; calculating the number of vehicles in the tunnel in real time, and triggering the buzzer alarm when the number of vehicles exceeds the set maximum value; transmitting the number of vehicles in the tunnel to the mobile phone through the ESP8266 WIFI module, and supporting the mobile phone to remotely control the opening and closing of lights and set the maximum number of vehicles.
The function of this tunnel light control system is to provide an intelligent and energy-saving management scheme for tunnel lighting. By accurately perceiving vehicle status and dynamically adjusting lighting, it can not only ensure driving safety but also reduce energy consumption; the remote monitoring and alarm functions improve the convenience and reliability of tunnel operation management, providing strong support for the construction of intelligent transportation.
Key words: Single-Chip Microcomputer; Tunnel Light Control; Vehicle Detection; WIFI Remote Monitoring; Energy-Saving Lighting
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1 系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 车辆检测模块电路设计
3.4 LED 灯光驱动模块电路设计
3.5 报警模块电路设计
3.6 无线通信模块电路设计
3.7 电源模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 分离式红外开关模块子流程设计
4.4 LED灯亮度调节子流程设计
4.5 声报警模块子流程设计
4.6 WiFi模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 车辆检测与数量统计功能测试
5.3 灯光亮度调节功能测试
5.4 车辆超员报警功能测试
5.5 无线通信与远程控制功能测试
5.6 综合场景功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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