设计说明书
总字数：17000+
随着汽车出行的普及和生活品质的提升，车载场景下的食材、药品等物品低温存储需求日益增长。传统车载冰箱多依赖机械制冷，存在体积大、功耗高且缺乏智能管控的问题，难以满足用户对精准控温、安全提醒及远程操作的需求。因此，研发一款小型化、智能化的车载冰箱控制系统具有重要实用价值。
本设计提出一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的半导体制冷车载冰箱方案。系统核心功能包括：通过防水式 DS18B20 传感器实时采集箱内温度，结合继电器驱动制冷系统，当温度高于设定最大值时自动制冷（制冷时 LED1 点亮），直至低于最小值停止；通过 KY-003 霍尔传感器监测箱门状态，开门时 LED2 点亮并计时，1 分钟未关闭则触发声光报警；具备掉电记忆功能，断电后温度阈值等参数保持不变；支持按键与阿里云智能 APP 双重开关机（开机时 LED3 点亮），可通过按键手动设置阈值及控制制冷；借助 OLED 显示屏实时展示温度、箱门状态等信息；通过 ESP8266 WIFI 模块实现数据上传与手机端远程阈值设置、电源控制。
该车载冰箱系统以半导体制冷为核心，通过智能化管控提升了低温存储的精准性与安全性，双重交互方式适配不同使用场景，为车载低温存储提供了便捷、可靠的解决方案。
关键词：单片机；车载冰箱；半导体制冷；温度控制；远程监控
Design of Vehicle-mounted Refrigerator Based on Semiconductor Refrigeration Sheet
Abstract
With the popularization of car travel and the improvement of quality of life, the demand for low-temperature storage of food, medicines and other items in vehicle-mounted scenarios is increasing. Traditional vehicle-mounted refrigerators mostly rely on mechanical refrigeration, which has problems such as large volume, high power consumption and lack of intelligent management and control, making it difficult to meet users’ needs for precise temperature control, safety reminders and remote operation. Therefore, developing a miniaturized and intelligent control system for vehicle-mounted refrigerators has important practical value.
This design proposes a semiconductor refrigeration vehicle-mounted refrigerator scheme based on STM32F103C8T6 single-chip microcomputer. The core functions of the system include: real-time collection of internal temperature through a waterproof DS18B20 sensor, driving the refrigeration system with a relay—when the temperature is higher than the set maximum value, refrigeration starts automatically (LED1 lights up during refrigeration) until it drops below the minimum value; monitoring the door status via a KY-003 Hall sensor—when the door is open, LED2 lights up and timing starts, and an acousto-optic alarm is triggered if the door remains open for 1 minute; with power-off memory function, parameters such as temperature thresholds remain unchanged after power failure; supporting dual on/off control via buttons and Alibaba Cloud Intelligent APP (LED3 lights up when powered on), and manual threshold setting and refrigeration control through buttons; real-time display of temperature, door status and other information via OLED display; data upload and remote threshold setting, power control on the mobile phone side through ESP8266 WIFI module.
Taking semiconductor refrigeration as the core, this vehicle-mounted refrigerator system improves the accuracy and safety of low-temperature storage through intelligent management and control. The dual interaction methods are suitable for different usage scenarios, providing a convenient and reliable solution for vehicle-mounted low-temperature storage.
Keywords:Single-chip Microcomputer; Vehicle-mounted Refrigerator; Semiconductor Refrigeration; Temperature Control; Remote Monitoring
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1 系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 环境检测模块电路设计
3.4 执行控制模块电路设计
3.5 人机交互模块电路设计
3.6 无线通信模块电路设计
3.7 存储模块电路设计
3.8 电源模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 温度检测模块子流程设计
4.4 霍尔模块子流程设计
4.5 声光报警模块子流程设计
4.6 OLED显示屏子流程设计
4.7 独立按键子流程设计
4.8 WiFi模块子流程设计
4.9 存储模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 温度检测与制冷功能测试
5.3 门状态监测与报警功能测试
5.4 掉电记忆保护功能测试
5.5 双模式开关机功能测试
5.6 按键参数设置与手动控制功能测试
5.7 无线通信与远程控制功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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