设计说明书
总字数：18000+
在智能家居理念日益普及与节能需求不断提升的背景下，传统风扇功能单一、控制方式僵化、能耗较高等问题愈发凸显，难以满足用户对个性化、便捷化、节能化生活的需求。尤其是在家庭、办公等场景中，风扇的转速调节、定向送风与智能交互需求日益迫切。因此，研发一款融合多模式控制、节能调节与智能交互的风扇设备具有重要现实意义。
本设计提出一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的带语音功能的智能节能风扇。系统主要功能包括：按键启动后，自动模式下通过 DS18B20 模块监测环境温度，低于预设最小值时风扇（直流电机模拟）停止运行，在最值区间内自动调节转速，高于最大值时以最快转速运行；启动摇头功能后，两侧红外避障管配合 ULN2003A 驱动的步进电机实现单人追踪，无人检测时延时 10 秒自动关机；通过 SU-03T 语音模块控制风扇开关、调速、摇头及 DFPlayer Mini 音乐播放的开关与曲目切换；借助 7 个按键实现上述功能的手动控制；OLED 显示屏实时显示温度、运行模式、摇头及音乐状态；所有监测数据经 ESP8266 WiFi 模块上传至手机 APP，支持远程控制与温度阈值、模式的设置。
该智能节能风扇为家居通风设备提供了智能化解决方案，通过温度自适应调节实现节能降耗，语音与远程控制提升使用便捷性，多维度状态显示增强交互体验，具有较强的实用价值与市场潜力。
关键词：STM32 单片机；智能节能风扇；语音控制；温度自适应；WiFi 远程控制
Intelligent Energy-Saving Fan with Voice Function
Abstract
Against the backdrop of the growing popularity of smart home concepts and the increasing demand for energy conservation, problems such as single function, rigid control mode and high energy consumption of traditional fans have become increasingly prominent, making it difficult to meet users’ needs for personalized, convenient and energy-saving life. Especially in scenarios such as homes and offices, the demand for fan speed regulation, directional air supply and intelligent interaction is becoming increasingly urgent. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a fan device integrating multi-mode control, energy-saving regulation and intelligent interaction.
This design proposes an intelligent energy-saving fan with voice function based on the STM32F103C8T6 single-chip microcomputer. The main functions of the system include: after being started by buttons, in automatic mode, the DS18B20 module is used to monitor the ambient temperature—when the temperature is lower than the preset minimum value, the fan (simulated by DC motor) stops running; when the temperature is between the minimum and maximum values, the fan speed is automatically adjusted; when the temperature is higher than the maximum value, the fan runs at the fastest speed. After starting the swing function, the infrared obstacle avoidance tubes on both sides cooperate with the stepper motor driven by ULN2003A to realize single-person tracking, and the fan automatically turns off after a 10-second delay when no one is detected. The SU-03T voice module is used to control the fan’s on/off, speed regulation, swing, as well as the on/off and track switching of DFPlayer Mini music playback. Seven buttons are used to realize manual control of the above functions. The OLED display screen shows temperature, operating mode, swing status and music status in real time. All monitoring data are uploaded to the mobile APP via the ESP8266 WiFi module, supporting remote control and setting of temperature thresholds and modes.
This intelligent energy-saving fan provides an intelligent solution for home ventilation equipment. It achieves energy saving through temperature adaptive regulation, improves usability through voice and remote control, and enhances interactive experience through multi-dimensional status display, which has strong practical value and market potential.
Key words: STM32 Single-Chip Microcomputer; Intelligent Energy-Saving Fan; Voice Control; Temperature Adaptation; WiFi Remote Control
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1 系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 温度检测模块电路设计
3.4 电机驱动模块电路设计
3.5 语音识别模块电路设计
3.6 音乐播放模块电路设计
3.7 显示模块电路设计
3.8 按键模块电路设计
3.9 红外避障模块电路设计
3.10 WiFi 通信模块电路设计
3.11 电源模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 温度检测模块子流程设计
4.4 直流电机速度调节子流程设计
4.5 步进电机子流程设计
4.6 语音识别模块子流程设计
4.7 MP3音乐播放模块子流程设计
4.8 OLED显示屏子流程设计
4.9 独立按键子流程设计
4.10 红外避障模块子流程设计
4.11 WiFi模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 温度自适应调速功能测试
5.3 多模式控制与摇头追踪功能测试
5.4 音乐播放与状态显示功能测试
5.5 WiFi 数据上传与远程配置功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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