设计说明书
总字数：17000+
摘要
随着规模化养鸡产业的快速发展，养殖环境的温湿度、光照、CO₂浓度等参数对鸡群生长发育、疫病防控及养殖效益有着至关重要的影响。传统养鸡场多依赖人工巡检监控环境，存在监测不及时、调控滞后、人力成本高的问题，一旦环境参数异常，易导致鸡群应激反应，影响成活率与生产性能，甚至造成经济损失。因此，研发一种能实时、精准监测并智能调控养殖环境的系统十分必要。
本设计提出了一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的物联网智能养鸡场养殖监控系统。系统主要功能包括：通过 DHT11 模块检测养殖环境温湿度值，当温度低于设置最小值时启动加热（加热片）继电器，高于设置最大值时启动降温（风扇）继电器；借助 5516 光照检测模块检测光照值，低于设置最小值时通过继电器控制打开 LED 补光灯；通过 SGP30 模块检测 CO₂浓度，高于设置最大值时控制风扇继电器进行通风；用户可通过按键设置各环境参数阈值；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示温湿度、光照、CO₂浓度等测量数据；同时，系统通过 ESP8266-12F WIFI 模块将测量数据发送到手机端，手机端可远程设置各参数阈值、启动各继电器及切换运行模式。
该物联网智能养鸡场养殖监控系统的作用在于，为养鸡场提供了一种自动化、智能化的环境监控工具。通过实时监测、自动调控与远程管理，能够精准维持适宜的养殖环境，减少人工干预，降低疫病发生风险，保障鸡群健康生长，提升养殖效率与经济效益。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；养鸡场；环境监控；WIFI 模块；传感器
IoT intelligent chicken farm breeding monitoring system
Abstract
With the rapid development of large-scale chicken farming industry, parameters such as temperature, humidity, light, and CO ₂ concentration in the breeding environment have a crucial impact on the growth and development of chicken flocks, disease prevention and control, and breeding efficiency. Traditional chicken farms rely heavily on manual inspection and monitoring of the environment, which leads to problems such as untimely monitoring, lagging regulation, and high labor costs. Once environmental parameters are abnormal, it can easily cause stress reactions in the chicken flock, affecting survival rates and production performance, and even causing economic losses. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a system that can monitor and intelligently regulate the breeding environment in real-time and accurately.
This design proposes an IoT intelligent chicken farm breeding monitoring system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: detecting the temperature and humidity values of the breeding environment through the DHT11 module, activating the heating (heating element) relay when the temperature is below the set minimum value, and activating the cooling (fan) relay when it is above the set maximum value; Use the 5516 lighting detection module to detect the lighting value, and when it falls below the set minimum value, turn on the LED fill light through relay control; Detect CO ₂ concentration through SGP30 module, and control the fan relay for ventilation when it exceeds the set maximum value; Users can set the threshold values for various environmental parameters through buttons; Real time display of temperature, humidity, lighting, CO ₂ concentration and other measurement data through OLED display screen; At the same time, the system sends measurement data to the mobile phone through the ESP8266-12F WIFI module, and the mobile phone can remotely set various parameter thresholds, activate various relays, and switch operating modes.
The role of this IoT intelligent chicken farm breeding monitoring system is to provide an automated and intelligent environmental monitoring tool for chicken farms. Through real-time monitoring, automatic regulation, and remote management, it is possible to accurately maintain a suitable breeding environment, reduce manual intervention, lower the risk of disease occurrence, ensure the healthy growth of chicken flocks, and improve breeding efficiency and economic benefits.
Keywords：STM32F103C8T6; chicken farm; Environmental monitoring; WIFI module; sensor
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 温湿度检测模块电路设计
3.4 光照检测模块电路设计
3.5 CO₂浓度检测模块电路设计
3.6 显示模块电路设计
3.7 按键模块电路设计
3.8 继电器控制模块电路设计
3.9 WIFI 通信模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.5 光照检测模块子流程设计
4.6 SGP30模块子流程设计
4.7 OLED显示流程设计
4.8 WiFi模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 温湿度检测与自动调控功能测试
5.3 光照检测与补光功能测试
5.4 CO₂浓度检测与通风功能测试
5.5 按键阈值设置与 OLED 显示功能测试
5.6 WIFI 通信与远程控制功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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