设计说明书
总字数：18000+
摘要
随着智能家居理念的普及和人们生活便捷化需求的提升，全自动洗衣机的智能化控制成为家电领域发展的重要方向。传统洗衣机在模式选择、状态监测及远程控制等方面存在局限，难以满足用户对洗衣过程精准化、便捷化的需求，因此，研发一种功能完善、控制智能的全自动洗衣机控制器具有重要现实意义。
本设计提出了一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能全自动洗衣机控制器，该控制器具备丰富的功能：用户可通过模式按键选择标准、浸洗、强洗、快洗四种不同模式，不同模式对应不同洗衣时间，且通过 4 个 LED 灯进行模式指示；通过水量按键可选择 18L、32L、46L、62L 四种水位，同样借助 4 个 LED 灯实现水位指示；同时，设有 4 个 LED 灯用于显示洗衣机当前所处的浸泡、洗涤、漂洗、脱水过程；通过一个启动／暂停按键，可便捷控制洗衣机的启动与暂停操作；当洗衣过程全部结束后，蜂鸣器会报警 3 次，以提醒用户洗衣完成；控制器还能通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示洗衣时间；在执行机构控制方面，通过一个继电器模拟进水操作，一个继电器模拟烘干操作，另一个继电器模拟出水操作，并采用 MX1508 驱动直流电机来模拟洗涤动作；此外，控制器搭载 ECBO2 蓝牙模块，可将洗衣机的所有运行状态发送至手机端，用户也能通过手机端实现对洗衣机启停的远程控制；通过 TSW-30 浑浊度传感器可实时检测洗涤水的浊度值，以便更好地掌握洗衣洁净程度；当脱水过程结束后，系统会自动启动烘干功能，同时利用防水式 DS18B20 温度传感器监测烘干温度，当温度高于设定值时，会自动停止烘干操作，保障烘干过程的安全与稳定。
该智能全自动洗衣机控制器的作用在于，为用户提供了一种智能化、便捷化的洗衣控制解决方案，通过多样化的模式与水位选择、清晰的状态指示、及时的提醒功能、远程控制能力以及安全的烘干控制，不仅提升了洗衣过程的灵活性与便捷性，还能保障洗衣效果与设备运行安全，进一步满足现代用户对智能家居生活的需求，提升生活品质。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；洗衣机；控制器；ECBO2；传感器
Design and Implementation of a Smart Fully Automatic Washing Machine Controller Based on STM32
Abstract
With the popularization of the smart home concept and the increasing demand for convenience in daily life, the intelligent control of fully automatic washing machines has become a significant direction in the development of home appliances. Traditional washing machines have limitations in aspects such as mode selection, status monitoring, and remote control, making it difficult to meet users’ needs for precise and convenient laundry processes. Therefore, developing a fully automatic washing machine controller with comprehensive functionality and intelligent control holds important practical significance.
This design proposes an intelligent fully automatic washing machine controller based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller, featuring a wide range of functions: users can select four different modes—standard, soak, strong wash, and quick wash—via mode buttons, with each mode corresponding to distinct washing durations and indicated by four LED lights; the water level can be chosen from 18L, 32L, 46L, or 62L using a water level button, also indicated by four LEDs; four additional LEDs display the current process—soaking, washing, rinsing, or spinning; a start/pause button allows convenient control over the machine’s operation; upon completion of the washing cycle, the buzzer will sound three alarms to signal the process is done; the controller also displays real-time washing time on an OLED screen; for actuator control, one relay simulates water intake, another simulates drying, and a third simulates water drainage, while the MX1508 driver controls a DC motor to simulate washing motion; additionally, the controller is equipped with an ECBO2 Bluetooth module to transmit all operational statuses to a mobile device, enabling remote start/stop control via the phone; the TSW-30 turbidity sensor continuously monitors the washing water’s turbidity level for better cleanliness assessment; after the spinning cycle, the system automatically activates the drying function while using a waterproof DS18B20 temperature sensor to monitor drying temperature, stopping the process if it exceeds the set threshold to ensure safe and stable drying.
The function of this intelligent fully automatic washing machine controller is to provide users with a smart and convenient laundry control solution. Through diverse modes and water level options, clear status indicators, timely reminders, remote control capabilities, and safe drying functions, it not only enhances the flexibility and convenience of the laundry process but also ensures washing effectiveness and equipment safety. This further meets modern users’ demands for smart home living and improves their quality of life.
Keywords：STM32F103C8T6; Washing machine; Controller; ECBO2; Sensor
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 浊度检测模块电路设计
3.4 温度检测模块电路设计
3.5 电机驱动模块电路设计
3.6 继电器模块电路设计
3.7 LED 指示模块电路设计
3.8 按键模块电路设计
3.9 蜂鸣器报警模块电路设计
3.10 OLED 显示模块电路设计
3.11 蓝牙通信模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 直流电机-MX1508驱动模块子流程
4.5 温度检测模块子流程设计
4.6 浑浊度检测模块子流程设计
4.7 蓝牙模块子流程
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 模式与水位选择及 LED 指示功能测试
5.3 洗衣过程控制与状态显示功能测试
5.4 浊度与温度检测功能测试
5.5 蓝牙通信与远程控制功能测试
5.6 蜂鸣器报警与启停控制功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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