设计说明书
总字数：15000+
摘要
随着农业机械化与智能化的快速发展，农业机械作业过程中的环境参数监测、运行状态调控及远程管理成为提升作业效率、保障作业质量的关键环节。传统农业机械多依赖人工巡检获取作业信息，存在监测滞后、参数调控不精准、远程管理缺失等问题，易导致作业效率低下、能源浪费，甚至因机械异常未及时发现引发故障。因此，研发一种能实时监测环境与机械状态、支持本地与远程调控的智能农业机械作业监控系统十分必要。
本设计提出了一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能农业机械作业监控系统。系统主要功能包括：通过 DHT11 温湿度传感器检测农业机械作业环境的温湿度值；借助 MX1508 电机驱动模块驱动直流电机模拟车轮转动，通过 2 个独立按键分别实现电机加速与减速控制，同时通过 KY-003 霍尔传感器检测电机转速（间接反映车轮运行速度）；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示环境温湿度、电机转速等测量数据；通过 ESP8266-12F WiFi 模块实现联网功能，手机端可远程查看实时监测数据，掌握农业机械作业状态。
该智能农业机械作业监控系统的作用在于，为农业机械作业提供了 “实时监测 – 精准调控 – 远程管理” 的一体化解决方案。通过实时获取环境与机械运行数据，支持本地快速调速与远程状态查看，能够帮助操作人员及时优化作业参数、发现机械异常，减少人工干预成本，提升农业机械作业效率与智能化水平，为现代农业生产提供技术支撑。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；智能农业；传感器；WiFi通信
Design and Implementation of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Operation Monitoring System
Abstract
With the rapid development of agricultural mechanization and intelligence, environmental parameter monitoring, operation status regulation, and remote management in the process of agricultural machinery operation have become key links to improve operational efficiency and ensure operational quality. Traditional agricultural machinery relies heavily on manual inspection to obtain operational information, which leads to problems such as lagging monitoring, inaccurate parameter control, and lack of remote management. This can easily result in low operational efficiency, energy waste, and even malfunctions caused by mechanical abnormalities not being detected in a timely manner. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an intelligent agricultural machinery operation monitoring system that can monitor the environment and machinery status in real time, support local and remote control.
This design proposes an intelligent agricultural machinery operation monitoring system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: detecting the temperature and humidity values of the agricultural machinery operating environment through the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor; Using the MX1508 motor drive module to drive a DC motor to simulate wheel rotation, the motor acceleration and deceleration control are achieved through two independent buttons, and the motor speed is detected through the KY-003 Hall sensor (indirectly reflecting the wheel running speed); Real time display of environmental temperature, humidity, motor speed and other measurement data through OLED display screen; By using the ESP8266-12F WiFi module to achieve networking functionality, the mobile end can remotely view real-time monitoring data and grasp the operation status of agricultural machinery.
The function of this intelligent agricultural machinery operation monitoring system is to provide an integrated solution of “real-time monitoring precise regulation remote management” for agricultural machinery operations. By obtaining real-time environmental and mechanical operation data, supporting local fast speed regulation and remote status viewing, it can help operators optimize operation parameters in a timely manner, detect mechanical abnormalities, reduce manual intervention costs, improve agricultural machinery operation efficiency and intelligence level, and provide technical support for modern agricultural production.
Keywords：STM32F103C8T6; Intelligent agriculture; Sensors; WiFi communication
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 温湿度检测模块电路设计
3.4 电机驱动与转速检测模块电路设计
3.5 显示模块电路设计
3.6 按键模块电路设计
3.7 WiFi 通信模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 WiFi模块子流程设计
4.6 温湿度检测模块子流程设计
4.7 霍尔模块子流程设计
4.8 直流电机速度调节子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 温湿度检测与显示功能测试
5.3 电机驱动与转速检测功能测试
5.4 WiFi 通信与远程数据查看功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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