设计说明书
总字数：18000+
摘要
随着生活品质的提升和智能家居理念的普及，衣物晾晒的智能化、便捷化成为人们改善居家体验的重要需求。日常晾晒中，若环境湿度过高导致衣物难以晾干，或衣物重量超出晾衣架承重、消毒不及时，不仅影响衣物使用，还可能引发晾衣架损坏、衣物滋生细菌等问题。因此，研发一种能实现自动烘干、重量预警、定时消毒且便捷操控的智能晾衣架十分必要。
本设计提出了一种基于 STC89C52 单片机的智能晾衣架。系统主要功能包括：通过 DHT11 温湿度检测模块检测当前环境温湿度，当湿度大于设置最大值时，通过继电器控制加热片（模拟烘干机）工作，直至湿度小于设置最小值后关闭烘干机；借助 HX711 重量检测模块检测衣物重量，当重量大于设置最大值时，触发蜂鸣器报警提醒；通过 DS1302 实时时钟模块获取时间，用户可通过按键修正时间，并能设置紫外线消毒时间，在消毒时段内，继电器控制消毒灯开启消毒工作；通过 LCD1602 显示屏显示温湿度、衣物重量、时间及设备工作状态；用户可通过按键设置重量阈值、湿度阈值、消毒时间，还能通过 ULN2003A 驱动步进电机控制晾衣架上升与下降；同时，系统通过 ECB02 蓝牙模块将检测数据传输至手机端，实现远程数据查看。
该智能晾衣架的作用在于，为用户提供了一种集自动烘干、重量保护、定时消毒、便捷操控于一体的智能化衣物晾晒解决方案。通过自动环境适应与安全预警，既能保障衣物晾晒效果与晾衣架使用安全，又能减少人工干预，提升居家生活的便捷性与舒适度，推动智能家居生活的进一步普及。
关键词：STC89C52；智能晾衣架；温湿度检测；重量检测；蓝牙传输
Design of Intelligent Drying Rack Based on Single Chip Microcomputer
Abstract
With the improvement of quality of life and the popularization of smart home concepts, the intelligence and convenience of clothing drying have become important needs for people to improve their home experience. In daily drying, if the environmental humidity is too high, making it difficult for clothes to dry, or if the weight of clothes exceeds the load-bearing capacity of the drying rack and disinfection is not carried out in a timely manner, it not only affects the use of clothes, but may also cause problems such as damage to the drying rack and bacterial growth on clothes. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an intelligent drying rack that can achieve automatic drying, weight warning, timed disinfection, and convenient operation.
This design proposes an intelligent clothes drying rack based on STC89C52 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: detecting the current environmental temperature and humidity through the DHT11 temperature and humidity detection module. When the humidity is greater than the set maximum value, the heating element (simulating a dryer) is controlled to work through a relay until the humidity is below the set minimum value, and then the dryer is turned off; Use the HX711 weight detection module to detect the weight of clothing. When the weight exceeds the set maximum value, trigger the buzzer alarm reminder; By using the DS1302 real-time clock module to obtain time, users can adjust the time by pressing buttons and set the UV disinfection time. During the disinfection period, the relay controls the disinfection lamp to turn on the disinfection work; Display temperature and humidity, clothing weight, time, and equipment working status through the LCD1602 display screen; Users can set weight threshold, humidity threshold, disinfection time through buttons, and can also control the up and down of the drying rack through ULN2003A driven stepper motor; At the same time, the system transmits the detection data to the mobile phone through the ECB02 Bluetooth module, enabling remote data viewing.
The function of this intelligent clothes drying rack is to provide users with an intelligent clothing drying solution that integrates automatic drying, weight protection, timed disinfection, and convenient operation. Through automatic environment adaptation and safety warning, it can not only ensure the drying effect of clothes and the safety of using drying racks, but also reduce manual intervention, improve the convenience and comfort of home life, and promote the further popularization of smart home life.
Keywords：STC89C52; Intelligent drying rack; Temperature and humidity detection; Weight testing; Bluetooth transmission
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 温湿度检测模块电路设计
3.4 重量检测模块电路设计
3.5 时钟模块电路设计
3.6 显示模块电路设计
3.7 按键模块电路设计
3.8 执行模块电路设计
3.9 报警模块电路设计
3.10 蓝牙通信模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.5 称重模块子流程设计
4.6 步进电机子流程设计
4.7 时钟模块子流程设计
4.8OLED显示流程设计
4.9 蓝牙模块子流程
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 温湿度检测与烘干机控制功能测试
5.3 重量检测与声光报警功能测试
5.4 时间管理与消毒灯控制功能测试
5.5 晾衣架升降与参数设置功能测试
5.6 蓝牙数据传输与数据显示功能综合测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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