设计说明书
总字数：17000+
摘要
随着电脑性能的不断提升与长时间使用场景的增多，电脑内部温度过高导致的性能下降、硬件损耗甚至死机等问题日益凸显，为电脑提供高效、智能的散热解决方案变得尤为重要。因此，研发一种能精准监测温度、灵活控制散热且具备数据交互功能的电脑散热底座具有重要实用价值。
本设计提出了一种基于 STC89C52 单片机的电脑散热底座。系统主要功能包括：通过 DS18B20 温度检测模块实时采集电脑周边温度，当温度大于设置最小值时，由 MX1508 电机驱动模块控制两个风扇以低速转动；当温度大于设置最大值时，控制两个风扇切换为高速转动；当温度超过设置危险温度时，系统立即触发声光报警；用户可通过按键模块设置温度最大值、最小值、危险值，还能手动控制风扇启停及切换工作模式；同时，通过 LCD1602 显示模块实时显示当前温度值与风扇运行状态；此外，系统借助 ECB02 蓝牙模块将测量的温度数据发送至手机端，用户也可通过手机端远程控制风扇运行及切换工作模式、设置温度参数。
该电脑散热底座的作用在于，为电脑提供了一种智能、高效且便捷的散热工具。通过精准的温度监测与分级散热控制，能有效避免电脑因温度过高出现故障，保障电脑稳定运行、延长硬件使用寿命，同时手机端交互功能也提升了用户使用的灵活性与便利性。
关键词：STC89C52；电脑散热底座；DS18B20；MX1508；ECB02 蓝牙模块
Computer cooling base based on microcontroller
Abstract
With the continuous improvement of computer performance and the increase of long-term usage scenarios, problems such as performance degradation, hardware loss, and even crashes caused by high internal temperatures of computers are becoming increasingly prominent. Providing efficient and intelligent cooling solutions for computers has become particularly important. Therefore, developing a computer cooling base that can accurately monitor temperature, flexibly control heat dissipation, and has data exchange functions has important practical value.
This design proposes a computer cooling base based on STC89C52 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: real-time collection of the temperature around the computer through the DS18B20 temperature detection module. When the temperature exceeds the set minimum value, the MX1508 motor drive module controls the two fans to rotate at low speed; When the temperature exceeds the set maximum value, control the two fans to switch to high-speed rotation; When the temperature exceeds the set dangerous temperature, the system immediately triggers an audible and visual alarm; Users can set the maximum, minimum, and danger values of the temperature through the button module, and can also manually control the start and stop of the fan and switch the working mode; At the same time, the current temperature value and fan operating status are displayed in real-time through the LCD1602 display module; In addition, the system uses the ECB02 Bluetooth module to send the measured temperature data to the mobile phone, and users can also remotely control the fan operation, switch working modes, and set temperature parameters through the mobile phone.
The function of this computer cooling base is to provide an intelligent, efficient, and convenient cooling tool for the computer. Through precise temperature monitoring and graded heat dissipation control, it can effectively prevent computer malfunctions due to high temperatures, ensure stable computer operation, and extend hardware lifespan. At the same time, the interactive functions on the mobile phone also enhance user flexibility and convenience.
Keywords：STC89C52; Computer cooling base; DS18B20； MX1508； ECB02 Bluetooth module
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1 系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 温度检测模块电路设计
3.4 风扇驱动模块电路设计
3.5 显示模块电路设计
3.6 按键模块电路设计
3.7 声光报警模块电路设计
3.8 蓝牙通信模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4温度检测模块子流程
4.5 直流电机速度调节子流程设计
4.6 LCD1602显示屏子流程设计
4.7 声光报警模块子流程设计
4.8 蓝牙模块子流程设计
5 仿真绘制与功能测试
5.1 仿真电路绘制
5.2 温度检测与风扇转速控制功能测试
5.3 声光报警功能测试
5.4 按键设置与显示功能测试
5.5 蓝牙通信功能测试
6 实物制作与功能测试
6.1 实物制作
6.2 温度检测与风扇转速控制功能测试
6.3 声光报警功能测试
6.4 按键设置与显示功能测试
6.5 蓝牙通信功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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