设计说明书
总字数：22000+
摘要
随着物流行业向精细化、智能化发展，货物运输过程中的位置追踪、环境监控与安全防护成为保障物流质量的关键环节。在冷链运输、危险品运输等场景中，运输车辆位置偏离预设路线、车内温湿度异常、车门非授权开启或烟雾泄漏等问题，可能导致货物变质、丢失或引发安全事故，给物流企业与客户造成巨大损失。当前传统物流监测方式多依赖人工巡检或单一设备，存在监测不全面、异常预警滞后、数据无法实时同步的弊端，难以满足现代物流对 “全流程、实时化、智能化” 监测的需求，因此研发一款集成多参数监测、自动报警与远程交互的智能物流信息检测系统，具有重要的现实意义。
本设计提出一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能物流信息检测系统。系统主要功能包括：通过 ATGM332D-5N GPS 模块实时获取运输车的位置信息（经纬度、行驶速度）；借助 DHT11 温湿度传感器检测运输车内温湿度，当检测值超出预设上下限时，触发声光报警，并通过 4G 模块发送 “温度过高”“温度过低”“湿度过高”“湿度过低” 的对应提示信息；通过 KY-003 霍尔传感器检测运输车门状态，当车门被非授权打开时，立即启动声光报警，同时 4G 模块发送 “车门异常开启” 提示；通过 MQ-2 烟雾传感器检测车内烟雾浓度，当浓度大于预设最大值时，触发声光报警，4G 模块同步发送 “烟雾浓度过高” 提示；支持通过本地按键设置温湿度上下限、烟雾浓度最大值等阈值；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示车辆位置、车内温湿度、车门状态、烟雾浓度及各预设阈值；通过 Air780e 4G 模块将所有监测数据实时上传至手机端，手机端也可远程下发指令修改各监测阈值，实现双向交互。
该智能物流信息检测系统的作用在于，为物流企业提供了全流程、一体化的运输监测解决方案。通过实时追踪车辆位置、监控车内环境、防范安全风险，帮助企业及时发现运输异常并采取干预措施，有效降低货物损耗与安全事故发生率；本地显示与远程手机端监控结合，实现运输信息的实时共享，提升物流管理效率与透明度，为构建高效、安全的智能物流体系提供技术支撑。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；智能物流；信息检测；多参数监测；4G 远程交互
Intelligent Logistics Information Detection System
Abstract
With the development of the logistics industry towards refinement and intelligence, location tracking, environmental monitoring, and safety protection during the transportation of goods have become key links in ensuring logistics quality. In scenarios such as cold chain transportation and dangerous goods transportation, issues such as deviation of transport vehicle position from the preset route, abnormal temperature and humidity inside the vehicle, unauthorized opening of doors, or smoke leakage may lead to deterioration, loss, or safety accidents of goods, causing huge losses to logistics companies and customers. The current traditional logistics monitoring methods rely heavily on manual inspections or single devices, which have drawbacks such as incomplete monitoring, delayed abnormal warning, and inability to synchronize data in real time. It is difficult to meet the modern logistics demand for “full process, real-time, and intelligent” monitoring. Therefore, developing an intelligent logistics information detection system that integrates multi parameter monitoring, automatic alarm, and remote interaction has important practical significance.
This design proposes an intelligent logistics information detection system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: obtaining real-time location information (latitude, longitude, and driving speed) of the transport vehicle through the ATGM332D-5N GPS module; Using the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor to detect the temperature and humidity inside the transport vehicle, when the detection value exceeds the preset upper and lower limits, an audible and visual alarm is triggered, and corresponding prompt messages of “high temperature”, “low temperature”, “high humidity”, and “low humidity” are sent through the 4G module; By using KY-003 Hall sensor to detect the status of the transportation door, when the door is opened without authorization, the sound and light alarm will be immediately activated, and the 4G module will send a “door abnormal opening” prompt; The MQ-2 smoke sensor detects the smoke concentration inside the vehicle. When the concentration exceeds the preset maximum value, it triggers an audible and visual alarm, and the 4G module synchronously sends a “smoke concentration too high” prompt; Support setting thresholds such as upper and lower limits of temperature and humidity, maximum smoke concentration, etc. through local buttons; Real time display of vehicle position, interior temperature and humidity, door status, smoke concentration, and various preset thresholds through OLED display screen; All monitoring data is uploaded in real-time to the mobile phone through the Air780e 4G module, and the mobile phone can also remotely issue instructions to modify various monitoring thresholds, achieving two-way interaction.
The function of this intelligent logistics information detection system is to provide logistics enterprises with a full process and integrated transportation monitoring solution. By tracking the real-time location of vehicles, monitoring the interior environment, and preventing safety risks, we help enterprises detect transportation abnormalities in a timely manner and take intervention measures, effectively reducing the rate of cargo loss and safety accidents; The combination of local display and remote mobile monitoring enables real-time sharing of transportation information, improves logistics management efficiency and transparency, and provides technical support for building an efficient and secure intelligent logistics system.
Keywords：STM32F103C8T6; Intelligent logistics; Information detection; Multi parameter monitoring; 4G remote interaction.
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 环境与安全检测模块电路设计
3.4 显示模块电路设计
3.5 按键模块电路设计
3.6 声光报警模块电路设计
3.7 4G 通信模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.5 霍尔模块子流程设计
4.6 烟雾检测模块子流程设计
4.7 GPS模块子流程设计
4.8 OLED显示流程设计
4.9 4G模块联网子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 多参数检测与显示功能测试
5.3 声光报警功能测试
5.4 阈值设置功能测试
5.5 4G 数据传输功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
购买后可查看具体内容！