设计说明书
总字数：18000+
摘要
随着公共文化服务的完善和人们阅读需求的增长，书报的有序借阅与管理成为提升服务效率的重要环节。在传统书报借阅模式中，人工登记易出现信息遗漏、查询不便等问题，难以满足高效管理的需求。因此，研发一种能自动识别、精准记录的智能书报柜十分必要。
本设计提出了一种基于 STC89C52 单片机的智能书报柜。系统主要功能包括：通过 RFID-RC522 刷卡模块识别借书卡信息，并调取该卡对应的所有借书内容；借助 4*4 矩阵键盘，用户可输入书籍编码 ID 以识别具体书籍，同时通过按键完成借书、还书操作；通过 AT24C02 存储模块存储借书卡 ID 及所借书籍信息，确保数据稳定保存；当刷卡操作触发时，系统进行声光报警以提示操作响应；通过 LCD12864 显示模块展示借书数据，包括已借书籍详情及书报总数量等信息。
该智能书报柜的作用在于，为书报借阅管理提供了一种便捷、高效的解决方案。通过自动化的识别、记录与显示功能，减少人工操作误差，提升借阅与管理效率，同时方便用户实时了解借阅情况，为公共文化服务场景的智能化升级提供支持。
关键词：STC89C52 单片机；智能书报柜；RFID 识别；数据存储；LCD 显示
Design of Intelligent Book and Newspaper Cabinet Based on Single Chip Microcomputer
Abstract
With the improvement of public cultural services and the growth of people’s reading needs, the orderly borrowing and management of books and newspapers have become an important part of improving service efficiency. In the traditional book and newspaper borrowing mode, manual registration is prone to problems such as information omission and inconvenient query, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of efficient management. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an intelligent book and newspaper cabinet that can automatically recognize and accurately record.
This design proposes an intelligent book and newspaper cabinet based on STC89C52 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: identifying borrowing card information through the RFID-RC522 card swiping module and retrieving all borrowing content corresponding to the card; With the help of a 4 * 4 matrix keyboard, users can input the book code ID to identify specific books, and complete borrowing and returning operations through buttons; Store the borrowing card ID and borrowed book information through the AT24C02 storage module to ensure stable data storage; When the card swiping operation is triggered, the system will sound and light an alarm to prompt the operation response; Display borrowing data through the LCD12864 display module, including details of borrowed books and the total number of books reported.
The function of this intelligent book and newspaper cabinet is to provide a convenient and efficient solution for book and newspaper borrowing management. Through automated recognition, recording, and display functions, manual operation errors are reduced, borrowing and management efficiency is improved, and users are easily informed of borrowing situations in real time, providing support for the intelligent upgrade of public cultural service scenarios.
Keywords：STC89C52 microcontroller; Intelligent book and newspaper cabinet; RFID identification; Data storage; LCD display
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 RFID 识别模块电路设计
3.4 键盘模块电路设计
3.5 存储模块电路设计
3.6 显示模块电路设计
3.7 声光报警模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 矩阵键盘子流程
4.4 LCD12864显示模块子流程设计
4.5 存储模块子流程
4.6 RFID模块子流程设计
5 仿真绘制与功能测试
5.1 仿真电路绘制
5.2 RFID 刷卡识别与声光报警功能测试
5.3 键盘输入与借还操作功能测试
5.4 数据存储与 LCD 显示功能测试
5.5 系统整体功能联调测试
6 实物制作与功能测试
6.1 实物制作
6.2 RFID 刷卡识别与声光报警功能测试
6.3 键盘输入与借还操作功能测试
6.4 数据存储与 LCD 显示功能测试
6.5 系统整体功能联调测试
9 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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