设计说明书
总字数：22000+
摘要
随着人们居家安全意识的提升与生活品质的改善，家庭环境面临的地震、火灾、燃气泄漏、非法闯入等安全隐患，愈发需要实时监测与快速响应的防护措施。传统家用安防设备多为单一功能（如独立烟雾报警器），存在预警不及时、缺乏远程通知、无法联动处置等局限，难以全面保障家庭安全。因此，研发一套集成多风险监测、自动处置、远程告警功能的家用智能安防系统，具有重要的现实意义。
本设计提出了一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的家用智能安防系统。系统核心功能包括：通过 MPU6050 检测地震振动，触发声光报警；借助 MQ-2、MQ-5 分别检测烟雾与可燃气体浓度，DS18B20 检测温度，当数值超预设最大值时，驱动继电器控制风扇通风并触发声光报警；通过 D203S 人体热释电模块监测区域内人员活动，布防状态下检测到有人时启动声光报警；用户可通过按键设置各参数阈值、手动控制风扇、切换布防 / 撤防模式；OLED 显示屏实时显示各监测数据与系统状态；同时，系统通过 SIM900A GSM 模块，在地震、烟雾超标、燃气泄漏、温度过高、有人闯入时，分别发送对应预警短信至用户手机。
该家用智能安防系统的作用在于，构建了 “多风险监测 – 自动应急处置 – 远程短信告警” 的一体化安防体系。通过实时监测家庭环境中的各类安全隐患，快速启动本地处置与远程通知，帮助用户及时掌握家庭安全状况，有效降低地震、火灾、燃气泄漏等事故的危害，为居家安全提供全方位、智能化的保障。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；智能安防；多风险监测；自动处置；GSM 远程告警
Design and Implementation of Home Intelligent Security System
Abstract
With the increase of people’s awareness of home safety and the improvement of their quality of life, the safety hazards faced by the home environment, such as earthquakes, fires, gas leaks, and illegal intrusion, increasingly require real-time monitoring and rapid response protective measures. Traditional home security equipment is mostly single function (such as independent smoke alarms), which has limitations such as untimely warning, lack of remote notification, and inability to coordinate disposal, making it difficult to comprehensively ensure home safety. Therefore, developing a home intelligent security system that integrates multi risk monitoring, automatic disposal, and remote alarm functions has important practical significance.
This design proposes a home intelligent security system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The core functions of the system include: detecting earthquake vibrations through MPU6050 and triggering sound and light alarms; Using MQ-2 and MQ-5 to detect smoke and combustible gas concentrations respectively, DS18B20 detects temperature. When the value exceeds the preset maximum value, the relay is driven to control the fan ventilation and trigger an audible and visual alarm; Monitor personnel activities in the area through the D203S human thermoelectric module, and activate sound and light alarms when someone is detected in the armed state; Users can set various parameter thresholds, manually control the fan, and switch between arming/disarming modes through buttons; OLED display screen displays real-time monitoring data and system status; At the same time, the system sends corresponding warning messages to users’ mobile phones through the SIM900A GSM module in the event of earthquakes, excessive smoke, gas leaks, high temperatures, or human intrusion.
The function of this home intelligent security system is to build an integrated security system of “multi risk monitoring automatic emergency response remote SMS alarm”. By monitoring various safety hazards in the home environment in real-time, quickly initiating local disposal and remote notifications, helping users to timely grasp the safety status of their homes, effectively reducing the harm of accidents such as earthquakes, fires, and gas leaks, and providing comprehensive and intelligent protection for home safety.
Keywords： STM32F103C8T6; Intelligent security; Multi risk monitoring; Automatic disposal; GSM remote alarm
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 MPU6050 地震检测模块电路设计
3.4 MQ-2 烟雾检测模块电路设计
3.5 MQ-5 可燃气体检测模块电路设计
3.6 DS18B20 温度检测模块电路设计
3.7 D203S 人体检测模块电路设计
3.8 继电器风扇控制模块电路设计
3.9 声光报警模块电路设计
3.10 OLED 显示模块电路设计
3.11 按键模块电路设计
3.12 SIM900A GSM 模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 温度检测模块子流程
4.5 MPU6050模块子流程设计
4.6 人体热释电感应模块子流程设计
4.7 烟雾检测模块子流程设计
4.8 天燃气检测模块子流程设计
4.9 GSM模块子流程设计
4.10 OLED显示流程设计
4.11 声光报警模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 地震检测与声光报警功能测试
5.3 烟雾 / 可燃气体 / 温度检测与应急控制功能测试
5.4 人体检测与布防告警功能测试
5.5 按键控制与 OLED 显示功能测试
5.6 GSM 远程告警功能综合测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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