设计说明书
总字数：15000+
摘要
随着工业化与城市化进程的加快，环境污染问题日益严峻，对空气质量、水质及土壤环境等提出了更高要求。传统环境监测手段存在监测范围有限、数据实时性差、响应速度慢等问题，难以满足现代环境管理的需求。同时，环境污染的突发性和不确定性也对监测系统的预警与应急能力提出了挑战。因此，开发一种能够实时、准确、全面地监测环境参数，并具备远程控制与智能预警功能的系统显得尤为重要。
基于物联网的多功能环境监测与远程控制系统，采用STM32F103C8T6单片机为核心，集成了MQ-135硫化物气体传感器、GP2Y10 PM2.5传感器、DHT11温湿度传感器、GPS定位模块、OLED显示屏、GSM短信提醒及WIFI远程通信等多种功能模块。该系统能够实时检测环境中的硫化物气体浓度、PM2.5浓度及温湿度等关键参数，并通过GPS模块记录设备位置信息。当检测到任何参数超出预设阈值时，系统将立即触发声光报警，并通过GSM模块向预设手机号码发送短信警报，确保及时响应与处理。同时，系统支持通过按键设置各参数的阈值，并通过OLED显示屏直观展示当前检测数据及状态，便于现场人员实时监控。此外，通过WIFI模块与手机APP的互联，用户可远程查看环境数据、设置参数阈值及接收警报信息，实现环境监测与控制的智能化与远程化。该系统的应用为环境监测领域提供了高效、精准、便捷的技术支持，有助于提升环境监测的智能化水平，保障环境质量与人员健康，促进环境保护事业的可持续发展。
关键词：环境检测；硫化物；PM2.5；温湿度；GPS定位
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the problem of environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious, which puts forward higher requirements for air quality, water quality and soil environment. The traditional environmental monitoring methods have some problems, such as limited monitoring range, poor real-time data and slow response speed, which are difficult to meet the needs of modern environmental management. At the same time, the suddenness and uncertainty of environmental pollution also challenge the early warning and emergency ability of monitoring system. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a system that can monitor environmental parameters in real time, accurately and comprehensively, and has remote control and intelligent early warning functions.
Multifunctional environmental monitoring and remote control system based on the Internet of Things, using STM32F103C8T6 single chip microcomputer as the core, Integrated MQ-135 sulfide gas sensor, GP2Y10 PM2.5 sensor, DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, GPS positioning module, OLED display, GSM SMS reminder and WIFI remote communication and other functional modules. The system can detect the sulfide gas concentration, PM2.5 concentration, temperature and humidity and other key parameters in the environment in real time, and record the location information of the device through the GPS module. When any parameter is detected to exceed the preset threshold, the system will immediately trigger the audible and visual alarm, and send an SMS alarm to the preset mobile phone number through the GSM module to ensure timely response and processing. At the same time, the system supports setting the threshold of each parameter by pressing the button, and visually displays the current detection data and status through the OLED display, which is convenient for real-time monitoring by field personnel. In addition, through the interconnection of WIFI module and mobile APP, users can remotely view environmental data, set parameter thresholds and receive alarm information, so as to realize intelligent and remote environmental monitoring and control. The application of the system provides efficient, accurate and convenient technical support for the field of environmental monitoring, helps to improve the intelligent level of environmental monitoring, ensure environmental quality and personnel health, and promote the sustainable development of environmental protection.
Keywords: environmental detection; Sulfide; PM2.5; Temperature and humidity; GPS positioning
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 硫化物检测模块方案选择
2.1.3 温湿度监测模块方案选择
2.1.4 显示模块方案选择
2.2整体设计方案
第3章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 硫化物检测模块电路
3.3 PM2.5监测模块电路
3.4 温湿度模块电路
3.5 GPS定位监测模块电路：
3.6 显示电路模块
3.7 独立按键模块电路
3.8 声光报警模块电路
3.9 WiFi无线传输模块电路
3.10 GSM短信发送模块电路
第4章 软件设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.5 OLED显示流程设计
4.6 WiFi模块子流程设计
4.7 GSM模块子流程设计
第5章 实物测试
5.1整体实物测试
5.2温湿度检测系统测试
5.3 PM2.5检测系统测试
5.4 硫化物监测系统测试
5.5 手机远程测控系统测试
第6章 总结与展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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