设计说明书
总字数：14000+
目 录
Abstract
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.2.1 国内研究现状
1.3 本课题的研究内容
2 系统总体方案
2.1 主要模块方案选择
2.1.1 主控芯片方案选择
2.1.2 显示模块方案选择
2.1.3 温湿度传感器方案选择
2.2设计方案设计
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 主控模块电路设计
3.2 温湿度检测模块电路设计
3.3 光照强度检测模块电路设计
3.4 显示模块电路设计
3.5 驱动模块电路设计
3.6 独立按键电路
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程
4.5 LCD1602液晶显示子流程
4.6 直流电机-MX1508驱动模块子流程
4.7 A/D模数转换子流程
5系统测试
5.1 系统测试目的
5.2 系统测试过程
5.2.1 温度测试
5.2.2 湿度测试
5.2.3 光照强度实物测试
结 论
致谢
参考文献
附 录
附录A：原理图
附录B：PCB
附录C：主程序
摘 要
近年来，人们主要使用空调来进行制冷，主要原因是因为使用空调来进行制冷其效果比电风扇好很多。但是当前随着绿色生活及其低碳生活意识和人们观念的转变。使用空调会浪费大量的电能，且会造成温室效应，破坏臭氧层等问题，因此在当今社会，使用电风扇在市场上的需求量越来越多。此次设计一款基于STC89C52单片机的智能风扇控制系统，该系统能够根据环境的温湿度以及光照强度智能调节风扇的运转速度。系统采用DHT11温湿度传感器用以实时监测环境的温度和湿度。通过设定的温湿度门限值，风扇能在低速和高速之间自主调节，以确保环境的舒适度。同时，系统集成了光敏传感器用于监测光照强度，基于光照强度的变化同样可以控制风扇的运行状态。除环境监测功能外，系统还允许用户通过按键输入设置温湿度和光照强度的最值，以及手动控制风扇的运行状态。此外，系统还具有界面显示和工作模式切换能力，满足不同用户需求。系统核心由STC89C52单片机负责控制逻辑，执行传感器数据采集、数据处理以及风扇控制和用户交互的指令。从能源供应方面考虑，本系统采用太阳能发电为主要能源，配合锂电池存储，保证了环保、可持续的能量利用，同时降低了系统的能耗和运行成本。太阳能板负责在白天时向锂电池充电，而锂电池则为整个系统持续供电，确保了风扇控制系统能在晚间或阴天无太阳能输入时正常工作。本智能风扇控制系统适用于家庭、办公室及室外等场所，能够智能地调节风扇转速，优化能源利用和用户体验，是一种节能高效、环境友好的解决方案。
关键词：太阳能；智能风扇；温湿度；光照强度；环保节能
Abstract
In recent years, people mainly use air conditioning for refrigeration, the main reason is that the effect of using air conditioning for refrigeration is much better than that of electric fans. However, at present, with the change of green life and its low-carbon life awareness and people’s ideas. The use of air conditioning will waste a lot of electricity, and will cause the greenhouse effect, damage the ozone layer and other problems, so in today’s society, the use of electric fans in the market demand more and more. This project aims to develop a set of intelligent fan control system based on STC89C52 microcontroller, which can intelligently adjust the fan speed according to the ambient temperature, humidity and light intensity. The system uses DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor to monitor the temperature and humidity of the environment in real time. With the set temperature and humidity threshold, the fan can automatically adjust between low and high speed to ensure the comfort of the environment. At the same time, the system integrates a photosensitive sensor to monitor the light intensity, and can also control the operating state of the fan based on the change of the light intensity. In addition to the environment monitoring function, the system also allows the user to set the maximum value of temperature, humidity and light intensity through key input, as well as manually control the operating status of the fan. In addition, the system also has the ability of interface display and working mode switching to meet different user needs. At the core of the system, STC89C52 MCU is responsible for the control logic, the implementation of sensor data acquisition, data processing, fan control and user interaction instructions. From the perspective of energy supply, the system uses solar power generation as the main energy source, with lithium battery storage, to ensure environmental protection and sustainable energy utilization, while reducing the energy consumption and operating costs of the system. The solar panel is responsible for charging the lithium battery during the day, and the lithium battery provides continuous power to the entire system, ensuring that the fan control system can work at night or on cloudy days when there is no solar input. The intelligent fan control system is suitable for home, office, outdoor and other places, can intelligently adjust the fan speed, optimize energy utilization and user experience, is an energy-efficient, environmentally friendly solution.
Key words: solar energy; Intelligent fan; Temperature and humidity; Light intensity; Environmental protection and energy saving
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