设计说明书
总字数：15000+
摘要
随着智能家居理念的深入和人们对便捷生活需求的提升，集多功能于一体的智能照明设备成为市场新宠。传统台灯功能单一，多依赖手动操作，难以满足用户在便捷性、节能性及健康保护等方面的需求。
基于 51 单片机（STC12C5A60S2）的智能台灯，整合了语音模块、超声波模块、光敏电阻、LCD1602 显示屏、按键等硬件，实现了多项核心功能：通过语音模块可控制台灯开关及亮度档位调节；借助超声波模块检测人体存在，结合光敏电阻感知的光照强度，实现人来灯亮（光照暗时）、人离灯灭（10 秒后）的自动控制，并能在用户距离过近时进行语音提醒；通过计时功能，在用户久坐达到设定时间后发出休息提醒；依据光照强度自动调节台灯亮度，同时支持按键手动设置久坐时间、距离最小值、光照值及亮度；LCD1602 显示屏实时显示距离、光照强度、模式及倒计时时间。
该系统的实现，有效提升了台灯使用的智能化与便捷性，兼具节能与健康保护功能，为用户营造了舒适、高效的照明环境，同时也为智能小家电的研发提供了有益参考，具有一定的实际应用价值。
关键词：STC12C5A60S2；智能照明控制；人体感应技术；光照自适应调节；语音交互系统
ABSTRACT
With the in-depth development of smart home concepts and the increasing demand for convenient living, intelligent lighting devices with multiple integrated functions have become a new favorite in the market. Traditional desk lamps have single functions and rely mostly on manual operation, making it difficult to meet users’ needs in terms of convenience, energy efficiency, and health protection. The intelligent desk lamp based on the 51 single-chip microcomputer (STC12C5A60S2) integrates hardware such as a voice module, ultrasonic module, photoresistor, LCD1602 display, and buttons, realizing a number of core functions: the voice module can be used to control the switching of the desk lamp and the adjustment of brightness levels; the ultrasonic module detects the presence of a person, and combined with the light intensity sensed by the photoresistor, it realizes automatic control of the lamp turning on when a person is present (when the light is dark) and turning off 10 seconds after the person leaves; it can also give a voice reminder when the user is too close; through the timing function, it sends a reminder to rest when the user sits for a long time reaching the set time; it adjusts the lamp’s brightness automatically according to the light intensity, and at the same time supports manual setting of sitting time, minimum user distance, light value, and brightness through buttons; the LCD1602 display shows real-time distance, light intensity, mode, and countdown time. The implementation of this system effectively improves the intelligence and convenience of the desk lamp, has both energy-saving and health protection functions, creates a comfortable and efficient lighting environment for users, and also provides a useful reference for the research and development of intelligent small household appliances, with certain practical application value. Keywords: STC12C5A60S2; intelligent lighting control; human body induction technology; adaptive light intensity adjustment; voice interaction system.
Keywords:STC12C5A60S2; intelligent lighting control; human body induction technology; adaptive light intensity adjustment; voice interaction system
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 语音模块选择
2.1.3 超声波模块选择
2.1.4 光照检测模块选择
2.1.5 显示模块选择
2.1.6 按键模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 语音模块电路
3.3 超声波模块电路
3.4 光照检测模块电路
3.5 显示模块电路
3.6 按键模块电路
3.7 台灯驱动电路
3.8 语音播报 CN-TTS 模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 超声波检测模块子流程
4.5 A/D模数转换子流程
4.6 LCD1602液晶显示子流程
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 语音模块功能测试
5.3 超声波模块功能测试
5.4 光照检测与亮度调节功能测试
5.5 计时与语音提醒功能测试
5.6 显示与按键功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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