设计说明书
总字数：29000+
基于单片机的老人居家安全监测助手的设计与实现
摘要
当前我国人口老龄化程度持续加深，独居老人比例不断升高，老人居家安全保障已成为社会养老照护体系中亟需解决的重要问题。传统人工看护模式成本高、响应不及时，普通监测设备功能单一，无法实现生理指标、活动状态的多维度监测，异常情况预警滞后，已经无法满足当下独居老人居家安全的全天候、智能化保障需求。本文提出一种基于STM32F103C8T6单片机的老人居家安全监测助手设计方案。该装置集成了心率血氧检测、非接触式体温测量、跌倒状态监测、阈值自定义设置、OLED数据显示、多异常声光报警、WiFi远程提醒等功能。通过MAX30102模块采集用户的心率血氧数据，非接触测温模块获取用户体温信息，MPU6050模块监测用户活动状态识别跌倒情况，用户可通过按键自定义设置各项生理指标的安全阈值，所有测量得到的实时数据都将通过OLED屏幕进行清晰展示，当监测到心率血氧、体温异常，或是识别到用户摔倒后10秒内未起身时，装置会第一时间触发声光报警提醒，同时通过WiFi模块将监测数据以及异常提醒推送至用户绑定的手机端，快速通知相关照料人员及时处置。本装置实现了老人居家安全的全天候多维度自动监测与异常及时预警，功能集成度高、成本低廉、操作简单，适配老人居家使用的场景需求，有效弥补了传统人工看护与普通监测设备的不足，为独居老人居家安全保障提供了便捷可靠的智能化方案，具备较高的实用价值与推广应用空间。
关键词：老人居家安全；STM32单片机；生理参数监测；跌倒检测；远程预警
At present, the aging of China’s population continues to deepen, the proportion of empty-nest elderly is increasing, and the home safety guarantee for the elderly has become an important issue that needs to be solved urgently in the social elderly care system. The traditional manual care mode has high cost and untimely response, while ordinary monitoring equipment has single function, which cannot achieve multi-dimensional monitoring of physiological indicators and activity status, and has early warning lag for abnormal situations. It can no longer meet the current demand for all-weather and intelligent guarantee for the home safety of empty-nest elderly. This paper proposes a design scheme of home safety monitoring assistant for the elderly based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The device integrates functions such as heart rate and blood oxygen detection, non-contact temperature measurement, fall status monitoring, custom threshold setting, OLED data display, multi-abnormal sound and light alarm, and WiFi remote reminder. The MAX30102 module is used to collect the user’s heart rate and blood oxygen data, the non-contact temperature measurement module obtains the user’s body temperature information, and the MPU6050 module monitors the user’s activity status to identify falls. Users can customize the safety threshold of various physiological indicators through buttons, all real-time data obtained by measurement will be clearly displayed on the OLED screen. When abnormal heart rate, blood oxygen and body temperature are detected, or it is identified that the user has not got up within 10 seconds after falling, the device will trigger sound and light alarm to remind immediately, and push the monitoring data and abnormal reminder to the user’s bound mobile phone through the WiFi module, quickly notifying relevant caregivers to deal with it in time. The device realizes all-weather multi-dimensional automatic monitoring and timely abnormal early warning for the home safety of the elderly, with high functional integration, low cost and simple operation. It adapts to the scene requirements of elderly home use, effectively makes up for the deficiencies of traditional manual care and ordinary monitoring equipment, provides a convenient and reliable intelligent scheme for the home safety guarantee of empty-nest elderly, and has high practical value and promotion and application space.
Key words: Home safety for the elderly; STM32 microcontroller; Physiological parameter monitoring; Fall detection; Remote early warning
目 录
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