设计说明书
总字数：35000+
家庭紧急呼救系统设计
摘要
居家生活场景中，环境温度异常、明火隐患、一氧化碳超标及人身突发危险是威胁家庭居住安全的主要因素，传统家庭安全防护方式多为单一监测、人工处置，存在隐患识别滞后、应急响应缓慢、无人值守防护缺失、险情告知不及时等问题，难以实现多维度居家安全全天候智能监测与快速应急处置。本文提出一种基于STM32F103C8T6单片机的家庭紧急呼救系统设计方案。系统集成多环境安全监测、明火火灾检测、有害气体预警、GPS定位、语音呼救识别、本地人机交互、4G数据传输、阈值自定义设置、智能设备联动及手机APP远程监控等核心功能。通过DS18B20温度传感器、YS-17火焰监测模块、MQ-7一氧化碳检测模块实时采集居家环境温度、明火状态、CO浓度数据，依托ATGM332D-5N GPS模块精准获取设备所处经纬度位置；系统可将实时监测数据与用户预设的温度、CO浓度安全阈值自动比对，当环境温度超标、检测到明火或CO浓度超限时，设备即刻触发本地声光报警，通过继电器联动启动水泵灭火、风扇通风，并借助Air780e 4G模块向绑定手机发送含当前经纬度的险情预警短信。系统搭载SU-03T语音识别模块，可精准识别用户“救命”等紧急呼救语音指令，自动推送含实时定位的人身危险预警信息至紧急联系人手机端。设备配备独立按键，支持温度、CO浓度安全阈值自定义调节，可手动控制水泵、风扇启停及发起紧急呼救，搭配OLED显示屏实时本地展示全部监测数据与设备工作状态；同时通过Air780e 4G模块将实时监测数据同步上传至手机APP，支持移动端随时随地查看居家环境安全数据。本系统有效解决了传统家庭安全防护功能单一、应急处置滞后、监控方式被动、险情告知不及时等痛点，实现居家火灾、燃气隐患、人身危险的多场景智能监测、自动应急联动、远程预警与可视化管控，全面提升家庭居住安全防护的智能化与自动化水平，具备较高的家庭安防应用价值与普及前景。
关键词：家庭安防；紧急呼救系统；STM32单片机；环境监测；智能联动；4G远程预警
In the scenario of residential living, abnormal ambient temperature, open fire hazards, excessive carbon monoxide and sudden personal dangers are the main factors threatening family living safety. Traditional family safety protection methods are mostly single monitoring and manual disposal, which have problems such as lagging hidden danger identification, slow emergency response, lack of unattended protection and untimely danger notification, and cannot realize all-weather intelligent monitoring and rapid emergency disposal of multi-dimensional residential safety. This paper proposes a design scheme of family emergency call system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The system integrates core functions including multi-dimensional environmental safety monitoring, open fire detection, harmful gas early warning, GPS positioning, voice distress recognition, local human-computer interaction, 4G data transmission, custom threshold setting, intelligent equipment linkage and mobile APP remote monitoring. DS18B20 temperature sensor, YS-17 flame monitoring module and MQ-7 carbon monoxide detection module are used to collect real-time data of residential ambient temperature, open fire state and CO concentration, and the ATGM332D-5N GPS module is adopted to accurately obtain the latitude and longitude of the equipment. The system can automatically compare the real-time monitored data with the safety thresholds of temperature and CO concentration preset by users. When the ambient temperature exceeds the standard, open fire is detected or CO concentration is over the limit, the equipment will immediately trigger local sound and light alarms, start water pump fire extinguishing and fan ventilation through relay linkage, and send danger early warning SMS with current latitude and longitude to the bound mobile phone via Air780e 4G module. Equipped with SU-03T voice recognition module, the system can accurately identify user emergency voice commands such as “help”, and automatically push personal danger early warning information with real-time positioning to the emergency contact’s mobile terminal. The device is equipped with independent keys to support custom adjustment of safety thresholds of temperature and CO concentration, and can manually control the start and stop of water pumps and fans and initiate emergency calls. It is matched with an OLED display screen to locally display all monitored data and equipment working status in real time. Meanwhile, real-time monitoring data are synchronously uploaded to the mobile APP through the Air780e 4G module, enabling users to check residential environmental safety data anytime and anywhere through mobile terminals. This system effectively solves the pain points of traditional family safety protection such as single function, lagging emergency disposal, passive monitoring mode and untimely danger notification. It realizes intelligent monitoring, automatic emergency linkage, remote early warning and visual management for multi-scene risks including residential fire, gas hidden danger and personal danger, which greatly improves the intelligence and automation level of family living safety protection, and has high application value and popularization prospect in family security field.
Keywords: Family Security; Emergency Call System; STM32 Microcontroller; Environmental Monitoring; Intelligent Linkage; 4G Remote Early Warning
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