设计简介：
项目名：蓄水池检测（实物+仿真）
项目编号：mcuclub-dz-333
单片机类型：STC89C52
具体功能：
1、通过超声波检测蓄水池水量，当水量低于设置最小值进行加水，直到加到水量最大值并进行声光报警；当水量高于设置最大值进行抽水，直到抽到低于水量最大值，并进行声光报警
2、通过水流量计进行流速获取，并可计算抽完水或加满水的时间
3、可通过按键设置蓄水池总高度、水量最大最小值
4、通过LCD1602显示屏显示测量值
总字数：13978
实物链接：点击跳转
仿真链接：点击跳转
设计说明书链接：点击跳转
开题报告链接：点击跳转
答辩PPT链接：点击跳转
基于单片机的蓄水池水量和水流量测控系统
摘 要
市供水和环境保护等领域中起着至关重要的作用。有效地监测和控制蓄水池的水量以及了解水流速度是确保水资源的充分利用和合理分配的关键。传统的水量监测和控制方法可能不够智能、高效，且可能受制于人工干预和信息获取的限制。因此，需要一种自动化且智能化的系统来监测和控制蓄水池的水量和水流速度。
本论文研究了一种基于单片机的蓄水池水量和水流量测控系统。该系统的主要功能包括蓄水池水量的监测和控制，以及水流量的测量和时间计算。系统设计的核心是单片机，通过不同传感器和控制器实现了以下几个主要功能：首先，系统利用超声波传感器检测蓄水池的水量。当水量低于预先设置的最小值时，系统自动启动加水功能，直到水量达到最大值，并同时触发声光报警以提醒操作人员。相反，当水量高于最大值时，系统会启动抽水功能，将水量降低至最大值以下，并同样触发声光报警，以确保蓄水池的水量在安全范围内。其次，系统通过水流量计获取蓄水池中水流的速度，并能够计算抽水或加水的时间。这个功能有助于监控水的进出流速，帮助用户更好地管理蓄水池的水量。第三，系统设计了按键控制功能，用户可以通过按键来设置蓄水池的总高度以及水量的最大和最小值，以适应不同的需求和条件。最后，系统通过LCD1602显示屏来显示测量值，提供实时的监测数据，让用户能够随时了解蓄水池的状态。
综合以上功能，该基于单片机的蓄水池水量和水流量测控系统具有实用性和可操作性，可用于不同场合下的水资源管理和控制。通过监测和控制蓄水池的水量和流速，系统有助于提高水资源的利用效率，确保水量在安全范围内，并提供了用户友好的界面和控制方式，为蓄水池管理提供了一种便捷而有效的解决方案。
关键词：单片机；蓄水池；水量测控系统；超声波传感器；水流量计；LCD1602显示
Abstract
With the continuous advancement of technology and societal development, universities, as crucial institutions for knowledge dissemination and talent cultivation, are facing increasing challenges in terms of management and security. Among these challenges, the design and research of campus access control systems have become critically important to ensure the safety, convenience, and intelligence of university campuses. Traditional access control systems can no longer meet the demands of modern universities, thus necessitating more advanced and intelligent solutions. Additionally, with the ongoing emergence of fire and security issues, temperature monitoring and smoke detection have also become integral components of university access control systems.
This study aims to design and research an intelligent campus access control system based on RFID technology, with the STC89C52 microcontroller as the core control unit. This system encompasses several crucial functions, including RFID card-based access control, temperature monitoring, smoke detection, and the ability for users to set various thresholds through buttons. Firstly, the access control system supports two types of RFID cards: one pre-registered as valid and the other unregistered as invalid. When a valid card is swiped, the access control system opens the door, permitting entry to the cardholder. In the event of an invalid card swipe, the buzzer sounds an alarm for 2 seconds, and the access control remains locked, ensuring security.Secondly, the system integrates the DS18B20 temperature sensor for monitoring environmental temperature. If the temperature exceeds the preset maximum value (initially set at 60 degrees Celsius), the buzzer triggers an alarm and automatically opens the access control, mitigating potential fire or high-temperature situations. Additionally, the MQ-2 gas sensor, in conjunction with the ADC0832 module, is used to detect smoke concentrations in the environment. When the smoke concentration surpasses the set maximum value, the system triggers the buzzer alarm and automatically opens the access control, providing fire alarm and safety protection.To facilitate user configuration, the access control system offers buttons for users to customize various thresholds, including temperature and smoke maximum values. Finally, the CD1602 display screen is employed to show the status of card validity, current temperature readings, and smoke levels, enabling administrators and users to monitor the system’s status in real-time.
In conclusion, the university’s intelligent access control system based on the STC89C52 microcontroller, combined with RFID technology, temperature monitoring, and smoke detection, aims to provide enhanced campus entrance management and fire hazard warnings. Through a user-friendly configuration interface, the system allows administrators to easily adjust various parameters to meet different requirements and safety standards.
Keywords: RFID technology, university, intelligent access control system, microcontroller, temperature monitoring, smoke detection
目 录基于单片机的蓄水池水量和水流量测控系统
摘 要
Abstract
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及其研究意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 研究目标
2 系统方案设计
2.1 整体方案设计
2.2 主要器件选型选择
2.2.1 主控芯片方案选择
2.2.2 超声波检测模块方案选择
2.2.3 水流量检测模块方案选择
2.2.4 显示模块方案选择
3 硬件电路设计
3.1 单片机最小系统
3.2 超声波检测模块电路
3.3 水流量检测模块电路
3.4 显示模块电路
3.5 继电器模块电路
3.6 独立按键模块电路
3.7 声光报警模块电路
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 超声波检测模块子流程
4.5 LCD1602液晶显示子流程
5 仿真调试
5.1 仿真总体设计
5.2 水量检测仿真测试
5.3 水流量监测仿真测试
6 实物调试
6.1 实物总体设计
6.2 水量检测实物测试
6.3 水流量监测实物测试
总结与展望
参考文献
致谢
附录
附录A：原理图
附录B：PCB
附录C：主程序