设计简介:
具体功能:
内机部分:
1、通过3*4矩阵键盘实现电梯内部的1-6层、开门、关门、呼叫(继电器模拟)
2、通过其中一个四相步进电机模拟电梯开关门(正反半圈)
3、通过另一个四相步进电机模拟电梯升降,每转一圈,代表一层
4、通过hx711采集电梯内重量,当开门时,电梯如果超载,则蜂鸣器报警,不关门,直到不超载
5、通过分离式红外对管模拟防夹,如果关门时触发,则自动开门
6、通过两个LED灯代表此时电梯上下行状态
7、通过数码管显示电梯处于的楼层
8、通过蓝牙,将当前楼层发送导外机
9、加一个报警按钮,按一下蜂鸣器报警,再按一下蜂鸣器关闭
外机部分:
1、通过4*4矩阵键盘实现电梯外部的1-6层呼叫
2、通过8个LED灯,指示当前电梯到达的楼层
3、通过蓝牙,获取数据并发送楼层请求
总字数:14231
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基于单片机的住宅电梯控制系统设计
摘要
电梯作为现代城市中不可或缺的交通工具之一,已经在我们的生活中扮演着至关重要的角色。然而,传统的电梯系统通常使用复杂的电梯控制器,其成本较高,难以维护,功能有限。随着科技的不断发展,越来越多的住宅、商业和工业建筑需要更智能、高效和安全的电梯控制系统,以满足不断增长的需求。因此,基于单片机的住宅电梯控制系统的设计和研究具有重要的背景意义。本论文研究了一种基于单片机的住宅电梯控制系统设计,该系统在内机部分和外机部分分别实现了一系列功能,以提供安全、高效的电梯运行和控制。内机部分包括以下主要功能:通过3*4矩阵键盘,实现电梯内部的1-6层楼层选择、开门、关门、呼叫功能(通过继电器模拟)。利用一个四相步进电机,模拟电梯开关门操作,包括正向和反向半圈的动作。利用另一个四相步进电机,模拟电梯的升降操作,其中每转一圈代表电梯上升或下降一层。使用hx711传感器采集电梯内部的重量信息。当电梯开门时,如果电梯超载,将触发蜂鸣器报警,直到不再超载才能关闭门。通过分离式红外对管模拟电梯的防夹功能。如果在关门时触发红外传感器,电梯会自动再次打开门以防止夹人。两个LED灯用于表示电梯的上行或下行状态。数码管用于显示电梯当前所在的楼层。通过蓝牙通信,将当前楼层信息发送给电梯外部的控制系统。设有一个报警按钮,按下后触发蜂鸣器报警,再次按下则关闭报警功能。外机部分包括以下主要功能:通过4*4矩阵键盘,实现电梯外部的1-6层楼层呼叫功能。使用8个LED灯来指示当前电梯所到达的楼层。通过蓝牙通信,获取电梯的楼层请求信息并发送给内机部分,以便控制电梯运行。
该电梯控制系统的设计将为住宅电梯提供高度自动化和智能化的功能,提高了电梯的安全性和便捷性,同时也提供了方便的远程监控和控制选项。
关键词:单片机;电梯控制系统;住宅电梯;步进电机模拟;蓝牙通信;安全控制
Abstract
Elevators, as one of the indispensable modes of transportation in modern cities, play a vital role in our daily lives. However, traditional elevator systems typically employ complex elevator controllers, which are costly, hard to maintain, and offer limited functionality. With the continuous advancement of technology, an increasing number of residential, commercial, and industrial buildings demand smarter, more efficient, and safer elevator control systems to meet the growing needs. Therefore, the design and study of a residential elevator control system based on a microcontroller hold significant contextual significance.This paper investigates the design of a residential elevator control system based on a microcontroller, which implements a range of functionalities in both the interior and exterior components to provide safe and efficient elevator operation and control. The interior component includes the following key features:The use of a 3×4 matrix keyboard for floor selection, door opening, closing, and call functions inside the elevator (simulated by relays).Emulation of elevator door operations, including forward and reverse half-turns, using a four-phase stepper motor.Simulation of elevator ascent and descent with another four-phase stepper motor, with each revolution representing one floor.Weight data collection inside the elevator using an HX711 sensor. If the elevator is overloaded when the door opens, a buzzer alarm is triggered and the door remains open until the overload condition is resolved.Simulation of anti-pinch safety measures using a separate infrared sensor. If the infrared sensor is triggered during door closing, the elevator door will automatically reopen to prevent accidents.Two LED lights indicating the elevator’s direction of travel (up or down).A digital display to show the current floor level.Bluetooth communication to send the current floor information to the external elevator control system.Inclusion of an emergency alarm button, which activates a buzzer alarm when pressed and deactivates it when pressed again.The exterior component features:Utilization of a 4×4 matrix keyboard for floor selection in the elevator’s external control panel.Deployment of eight LED lights to indicate the current floor reached by the elevator.Utilization of Bluetooth communication to acquire floor request information from the exterior control panel and transmit it to the internal control system.
The design of this elevator control system enhances residential elevators with automation and intelligent features, thereby improving safety and convenience. Furthermore, it offers convenient remote monitoring and control options.
Keywords: Microcontroller, Elevator Control System, Residential Elevator, Stepper Motor Simulation, Bluetooth Communication, Safety Control.
目 录
基于单片机的住宅电梯控制系统设计
摘要
Abstract
第1章 绪论
第2章 系统总体设计方案
第3章硬件设计
第四章 系统程序设计
第5章实物测试
第6章 总结展望
参考文献
附录
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