设计说明书
总字数：16000+
摘 要
该智能路灯采用STC12C5A60S2单片机作为控制核心，通过多种传感器和模块进行环境监测和智能控制。首先，通过DHT11温湿度传感器，实时检测环境温湿度情况，为路灯系统提供环境感知能力。其次，利用光敏电阻传感器检测周围光照值，并根据设置的最小光照值自动控制路灯的开关和亮度。当光照值低于设定最小值时，路灯将自动开启，并根据实际情况调节亮度，以提供足够的照明效果。为了实现节能和可持续运行，智能路灯还配备了太阳能板用于给锂电池充电，并由锂电池供电整个主板。当电池电量低于50%时，系统将切换到节能模式，采用触发型声音检测模块作为触发器。当有声音触发时，路灯将亮灯10秒，然后自动关闭，以延长电池寿命。为了确保时间的准确性和灵活性，系统采用DS1302实时时钟模块同步时间，并通过按键进行时间修正。同时，用户可以通过按键设置四个季节不同的开灯时间和关灯时间，以适应不同季节的光照变化。最后，为了方便用户了解环境数据和系统状态，智能路灯配备了LCD12864显示屏，用于实时显示温湿度等测量数据。本设计的智能路灯在解决传统路灯系统中能源浪费和不智能等问题的基础上，实现了多种功能，如环境监测、自动调节亮度、太阳能充电、节能模式和时间设置等，为路灯系统提供了更加智能化、节能高效的解决方案。同时，通过应用STC12C5A60S2单片机及各种传感器和模块，为智能路灯的研究与应用提供了有益的参考和基础。。
关键词：智能路灯；STC12C5A60S2单片机；环境监测；光敏电阻传感器；太阳能充电
This smart street lamp adopts STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller as the control core and utilizes multiple sensors and modules for environmental monitoring and intelligent control. Firstly, the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor is used to real-time monitor the environmental temperature and humidity, providing environmental perception capability to the street lamp system. Secondly, the light-sensitive resistor sensor is employed to detect the ambient light intensity and automatically control the street lamp’s on/off and brightness based on the set minimum light level. When the light intensity falls below the predetermined value, the street lamp will automatically turn on and adjust the brightness accordingly to provide sufficient illumination.To achieve energy-saving and sustainable operation, the smart street lamp is equipped with a solar panel for charging the lithium battery, which powers the entire main board. When the battery level drops below 50%, the system switches to energy-saving mode and utilizes a triggered sound detection module as the trigger. When sound is detected, the street lamp will light up for 10 seconds before automatically turning off to extend battery life.For ensuring time accuracy and flexibility, the system employs the DS1302 real-time clock module for time synchronization and allows time adjustment via buttons. Additionally, users can set different on/off times for the four seasons using the buttons to adapt to varying light conditions in different seasons.Finally, to facilitate user understanding of environmental data and system status, the smart street lamp is equipped with an LCD12864 display screen, which provides real-time display of temperature, humidity, and other measurement data.This design of the smart street lamp addresses the energy waste and lack of intelligence in traditional street lamp systems, and achieves multiple functions, including environmental monitoring, automatic brightness adjustment, solar charging, energy-saving mode, and time settings, providing a more intelligent and energy-efficient solution for street lamp systems. Additionally, through the application of the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller and various sensors and modules, this smart street lamp design provides valuable references and foundations for research and application in the field of intelligent street lamps.
Keywords: Smart street lamp; STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller; Environmental monitoring; Light-sensitive resistor sensor; Solar charging.
目 录
摘要
Abstract
第1章绪论
1.1研究背景及意义
1.2国内外研究现状
1.3论文的主要内容
第2章 系统总体设计方案
2.1系统总体设计
2.2主要模块方案选择
2.2.1主控模块方案选择
2.2.2温湿度监测模块方案选择
2.2.3光照强度模块方案选择
第3章硬件设计
3.1主控模块电路设计
3.2 温湿度检测模块电路设计
3.3 光照强度检测模块电路设计
3.4 声音检测模块电路设计
3.5 时钟模块电路设计
3.6 显示模块电路设计
3.7 独立按键模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 A/D模数转换子流程
4.5 时钟模块子流程
第5章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试图
5.2 光照强度检测实物测试
5.3 节能模块开关控制实物测试
5.4 定时开关的实物测试
第6章 总结展望
参考文献
附录
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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