设计说明书
总字数：16000+
摘要
随着现代社会对水资源保护重视程度的不断提升，水质的实时监测与精准管控对保障饮用水安全、维护生态环境具有重要意义。传统的水质检测方式多依赖人工采样和实验室分析，不仅耗时费力、检测周期长，还存在数据滞后、难以实现连续监测等问题，难以满足水环境管理的智能化、高效化需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的水质自动检测系统设计，整合了 TSW-30 浑浊度检测模块、DS1302 时钟模块、SG90 舵机、水泵、按键及 OLED 显示屏，实现了水质的自动化监测、智能清洁与数据展示功能。系统核心功能包括：通过 TSW-30 实时检测水质浑浊度，结合 DS1302 获取的时间信息，在 OLED 显示屏上同步展示当前时间与浑浊度数据；支持通过按键设置浑浊度最大值，当检测值超过该阈值时，控制水泵进行加水稀释；借助 SG90 舵机控制检测模块深入水环境完成检测，检测结束后将其移出，同时启动水泵抽水对检测模块进行清洗，确保后续检测的准确性。
该系统的实现，有效提升了水质检测的自动化水平与效率，减少了人工干预带来的误差，通过自动清洁功能保障了检测数据的可靠性，为水质的实时监控与管理提供了便捷、高效的解决方案，同时为同类水环境监测设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；水质自动检测；浑浊度；智能清洁；实时监测
ABSTRACT
With the increasing emphasis on water resource protection in modern society, real-time monitoring and precise management of water quality are of great significance for ensuring drinking water safety and maintaining the ecological environment. Traditional water quality testing methods mostly rely on manual sampling and laboratory analysis, which are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive with long detection cycles, but also have problems such as data lag and difficulty in achieving continuous monitoring, making it difficult to meet the intelligent and efficient needs of water environment management.
The design of the automatic water quality detection system based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates the TSW-30 turbidity detection module, DS1302 clock module, SG90 servo, water pump, buttons and OLED display, realizing the functions of automatic water quality monitoring, intelligent cleaning and data display. The core functions of the system include: real-time detection of water turbidity through TSW-30, combined with time information obtained by DS1302, synchronously displaying the current time and turbidity data on the OLED display; supporting the setting of the maximum turbidity value through buttons, and controlling the water pump to add water for dilution when the detected value exceeds this threshold; using the SG90 servo to control the detection module to go deep into the water environment to complete the detection, and after the detection, move it out, and at the same time start the water pump to pump water to clean the detection module to ensure the accuracy of subsequent detection.
The implementation of this system has effectively improved the automation level and efficiency of water quality detection, reduced errors caused by manual intervention, ensured the reliability of detection data through the automatic cleaning function, provided a convenient and efficient solution for real-time monitoring and management of water quality, and also provided a reference for the research and development of similar water environment monitoring equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; automatic water quality detection; turbidity; intelligent cleaning; real-time monitoring
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 浑浊度检测模块选择
2.1.3 时钟模块选择
2.1.4 舵机选择
2.1.5 显示模块选择
2.1.6 按键模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 TSW-30 浑浊度检测模块电路
3.3 DS1302 时钟模块电路
3.4 SG90 舵机驱动电路
3.5 OLED 显示模块电路
3.6 水泵驱动电路
3.7 按键模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 时钟模块子流程
4.5 OLED显示流程设计
4.6 舵机模块子流通
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 TSW-30 浑浊度检测模块功能测试
5.3 DS1302 时钟与 OLED 显示功能测试
5.4 SG90 舵机与清洗功能测试
5.5 水泵加水功能测试
5.6 按键设置功能测试
5.7 综合功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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