设计说明书
总字数：14000+
摘要
随着居民安全意识与生活便捷性需求的提升，门铃作为家庭安防与访客交互的重要设备，其功能的丰富性与实用性愈发受到重视。传统门铃仅能实现简单的访客提醒功能，缺乏对异常闯入的预警能力和访客留言功能，难以满足用户在无人在家时与访客交互及家庭安全防护的需求。
基于嵌入式平台的录音门铃设计，以 STC89C52 单片机为核心，整合了人体热释电传感器 D203S、LCD1602 显示模块、声光报警模块、录音模块 ISD1820 及按键，实现了访客提醒、异常预警与录音留言的一体化功能。系统核心功能包括：通过两个 D203S 传感器分别检测门口和窗口区域，当门口有人按下门铃时，触发声光报警提醒主人；主人离家前按下无人键，系统切换至离家模式，LCD1602 显示提示信息并启动窗口检测，若有人从窗口闯入则发出警报；访客看到提示后按住录音键可进行留言，录音完成后显示屏提示离开，一分钟后门口红外检测启动并触发报警；主人返回后，通过放音键收听留言，重复键可重复播放，删除键可清除留言信息。
该系统的实现，有效弥补了传统门铃功能单一的缺陷，通过人体检测与报警机制增强了家庭安全性，借助录音留言功能解决了无人时与访客的交互问题，为家庭用户提供了集提醒、安防、留言于一体的便捷解决方案，具有较高的实用价值。
关键词：STC89C52；嵌入式平台；录音门铃；人体检测；声光报警；ISD1820
ABSTRACT
With the improvement of residents’ safety awareness and demand for living convenience, doorbells, as important devices for home security and visitor interaction, have increasingly gained attention for their functional richness and practicality. Traditional doorbells can only perform simple visitor reminder functions, lacking the ability to warn against abnormal intrusions and visitor message leaving, making it difficult to meet users’ needs for interacting with visitors when no one is at home and for home security protection.
The design of the recording doorbell based on an embedded platform, with the STC89C52 microcontroller as the core, integrates human body pyroelectric sensors D203S, LCD1602 display module, sound and light alarm module, recording module ISD1820, and buttons, realizing the integrated functions of visitor reminder, abnormal warning, and recording message leaving. The core functions of the system include: two D203S sensors respectively detect the door and window areas; when someone at the door presses the doorbell, it triggers a sound and light alarm to remind the owner; when the owner presses the “no one at home” button before leaving, the system switches to the away mode, the LCD1602 displays prompt information and activates window detection, and if someone breaks in through the window, it will issue an alarm; visitors, after seeing the prompt information, can press and hold the recording button to record a message; after recording, the display prompts “please leave 1 minute later”, the door infrared detection is turned on, and an alarm will be triggered after one minute; when the owner returns, they can listen to the message by pressing the play button, repeat listening by pressing the repeat button, and delete the message by pressing the delete button.
The implementation of this system effectively makes up for the deficiency of the single function of traditional doorbells. It enhances home security through human body detection and alarm mechanisms, solves the problem of interacting with visitors when no one is at home by means of the recording message function, and provides family users with a convenient solution integrating reminder, security, and message leaving, which has high practical value.
Keywords:STC89C52; embedded platform; recording doorbell; human body detection; sound and light alarm; ISD1820
目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 人体热释电传感器选择
2.1.3 显示模块选择
2.1.4 录音模块选择
2.1.5 声光报警模块选择
2.1.6 按键模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 人体热释电传感器电路
3.3 显示模块电路
3.4 录音放音模块电路
3.5 按键模块电路
3.6 声光报警模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 LCD1602液晶显示子流程
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 人体热释电传感器功能测试
5.3 显示模块功能测试
5.4 录音模块功能测试
5.5 声光报警模块功能测试
5.6 按键模块功能测试
5.7 系统整体功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
购买后可查看具体内容！