设计说明书
总字数：12000+
摘要
随着物联网技术在交通领域的深入应用，车辆安全监测与状态管理的智能化需求日益凸显。传统的车辆监测方式多依赖人工巡检或单一设备记录，存在数据滞后、监测维度有限、远程管理困难等问题，难以满足车辆动态监管的高效性与安全性要求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的物联网车辆监测系统，整合了温度检测模块、GPS 定位模块、霍尔传感器、4G 模块及相关控制组件，实现了车辆状态的全方位监测与远程管理。系统核心功能包括：通过温度检测模块实时监测车辆周边环境温度，及时捕捉异常高温隐患；借助 GPS 模块获取车辆当前经纬度信息，实现位置追踪；利用霍尔传感器检测车辆锁具的开关状态，保障车辆安全；通过 4G 模块将温度、位置、锁具状态等数据实时传输至手机端，支持远程查看与异常预警。
该系统的实现，有效提升了车辆监测的实时性与智能化水平，减少了人工干预，为车辆安全管理提供了精准的数据支持和便捷的远程管控手段，同时为同类物联网车辆监测设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；物联网；车辆监测系统；传感器；远程管理；4G 通信
ABSTRACT
With the in-depth application of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in the transportation field, the demand for intelligent vehicle safety monitoring and status management has become increasingly prominent. Traditional vehicle monitoring methods mostly rely on manual inspections or single-device recording, which have problems such as data lag, limited monitoring dimensions, and difficulty in remote management, making it difficult to meet the requirements for efficiency and safety in dynamic vehicle supervision.
The IoT-based vehicle monitoring system based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates a temperature detection module, GPS positioning module, Hall sensor, 4G module, and related control components, realizing comprehensive monitoring and remote management of vehicle status. The core functions of the system include: real-time monitoring of the ambient temperature around the vehicle through the temperature detection module to promptly capture potential abnormal high-temperature hazards; obtaining the current latitude and longitude information of the vehicle through the GPS module to achieve location tracking; using the Hall sensor to detect the switch status of vehicle locks to ensure vehicle safety; real-time transmission of data such as temperature, location, and lock status to the mobile phone terminal through the 4G module, supporting remote viewing and abnormal early warning.
The implementation of this system has effectively improved the real-time and intelligent level of vehicle monitoring, reduced manual intervention, provided accurate data support and convenient remote management means for vehicle safety management, and also provided a reference for the research and development of similar IoT vehicle monitoring equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; Internet of Things; Vehicle monitoring system; Sensor; Remote management; 4G communication
目录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 温度检测模块选择
2.1.3 GPS 定位模块选择
2.1.4 霍尔传感器选择
2.1.5 4G 模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 温度检测模块电路
3.3 北斗 + GPS 定位模块电路
3.4 霍尔传感器电路
3.5 4G 模块电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 温度检测模块子流程设计
4.4 4G模块联网子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 温度检测模块功能测试
5.3 北斗 + GPS 定位模块功能测试
5.4 霍尔传感器功能测试
5.5 4G 模块数据传输功能测试
第6章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
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