设计说明书
总字数：19000+
摘要
随着汽车保有量的不断增加，车内环境安全问题日益受到人们的重视。车内温度异常、有害气体浓度超标等情况，不仅会影响驾乘人员的舒适度，更可能对身体健康乃至生命安全造成严重威胁。因此，研发一种能实时、准确监测车内环境并具备自动防护功能的系统具有重要意义。
本设计提出了一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的车内环境监测系统。系统主要功能包括：通过 D203S 人体检测模块检测当前车内是否有人；借助 DS18B20 温度检测模块检测当前环境的温度；利用 MQ-3 检测当前车内的酒精含量；通过 MQ-7 检测当前车内的 CO 含量。当检测到车内有人，且温度大于最大值、或者酒精浓度大于最大值、或者 CO 浓度大于最大值时，系统通过 ULN2003A 芯片控制四相五线步进电机自动控制车窗打开，同时进行声光报警并通过 CN-TTS 语音播报模块进行语音提醒；若温度小于最小值，则仅进行声光报警和语音提醒，不打开车窗。用户通过按键可以设置酒精最大值、CO 最大值以及温度最大值和最小值；系统通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示各项测量数据；此外，系统通过 ECBO2 蓝牙模块将测量数据发送到手机端，手机端可设置各阈值，还能远程控制车窗的开关。
该车内环境监测系统的作用在于，为驾乘人员提供了全方位的车内环境安全保障。通过实时监测、自动响应和远程控制，能够及时发现并处理车内环境异常情况，有效降低安全风险，提升驾乘的安全性和舒适度。
关键词：单片机；车内环境监测；STM32F103C8T6；气体检测；远程控制
Design of Vehicle Interior Environment Monitoring System Based on Single Chip Microcomputer
Abstract
With the continuous increase in the number of cars, the safety of the in car environment has been increasingly valued by people. Abnormal temperature and excessive concentration of harmful gases inside the car not only affect the comfort of drivers and passengers, but may also pose a serious threat to their health and even life safety. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a system that can monitor the in car environment in real time and accurately, and has automatic protection functions.
This design proposes a car interior environment monitoring system based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The main functions of the system include: detecting whether there is a person in the current car through the D203S human detection module; Use DS18B20 temperature detection module to detect the temperature of the current environment; Use MQ-3 to detect the current alcohol content inside the car; Detect the current CO content inside the vehicle through MQ-7. When someone is detected inside the car and the temperature is above the maximum value, or the alcohol concentration is above the maximum value, or the CO concentration is above the maximum value, the system controls the four phase five wire stepper motor through the ULN2003A chip to automatically control the windows to open, and at the same time, sound and light alarms are triggered, and voice reminders are provided through the CN-TTS voice broadcast module; If the temperature is below the minimum value, only sound and light alarms and voice reminders will be given, and the car windows will not be opened. Users can set the maximum alcohol value, maximum CO value, as well as the maximum and minimum temperature values through buttons; The system displays various measurement data in real-time through an OLED display screen; In addition, the system sends measurement data to the mobile phone through the ECBO2 Bluetooth module, which can set various thresholds and remotely control the opening and closing of car windows.
The function of the in car environment monitoring system is to provide comprehensive safety protection for drivers and passengers in the car environment. Through real-time monitoring, automatic response, and remote control, abnormal situations in the car environment can be detected and handled in a timely manner, effectively reducing safety risks and improving driving safety and comfort.
Keywords：microcontroller; Vehicle interior environment monitoring; STM32F103C8T6； Gas detection; Remote control
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 人体检测模块电路设计
3.4 温度检测模块电路设计
3.5 酒精检测模块电路设计
3.6 CO 检测模块电路设计
3.7 车窗控制模块电路设计
3.8 声光报警模块电路设计
3.9 语音播报模块电路设计
3.10 显示模块电路设计
3.11 按键模块电路设计
3.12 蓝牙模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 温度检测模块子流程
4.6 步进电机子流程设计
4.7 语音播报模块子流程设计
4.8 蓝牙模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 环境参数检测及显示功能测试
5.3 异常报警及车窗控制功能测试
5.4 参数设置功能测试
5.5 蓝牙数据传输及远程控制功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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