设计说明书
总字数：22000+
摘要
随着人们生活品质的提升，家居产品的舒适化、智能化需求日益凸显。沙发作为家庭核心休闲家具，传统产品仅具备坐卧功能，难以满足用户对环境适配、便捷服务及健康护理的综合需求 —— 如夏季缺乏主动降温、冬季无保暖辅助、日常充电不便、清洁杀菌依赖人工等，尤其对老人、久坐人群而言，缺乏按摩、升降调节等功能易影响使用体验，因此研发一款功能集成化的智能沙发具有重要现实意义。
本设计提出一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能沙发。在充放电模块，通过 USB 接口实现双重供电功能：一端连接外部电源为沙发内置蓄电池充电，保障离线使用；另一端可直接为手机等设备充电，解决日常充电不便问题。在环境监测模块，借助 DHT11 温湿度传感器实时采集沙发周边环境温湿度数据，不仅通过 OLED 屏直观展示，还同步传输至手机端，让用户远程掌握环境状态。在遮阳模块，利用 5516 光敏电阻检测光照强度，当数值超过手机预设阈值时，STM32F103C8T6 驱动 ULN2003A 芯片，控制四相五线步进电机带动遮阳板放下，减少强光直射。在吹风模块，用户可通过手机或模拟板触发继电器，控制风扇启停，实现夏季降温。在照明模块，通过手机或模拟板控制 LED 灯开关，提供局部照明，适配夜间使用场景。在定时杀菌模块，支持两种启动方式：手机或模拟板直接打开消毒灯（LED 模拟），或通过定时器预设时间自动开启，保障沙发表面卫生。在音乐播放模块，手机通过 ESP8266-12F WiFi 模块连接 DFPlayer Mini MP3 模块，实现音乐播放、暂停的远程控制，提升休闲体验。在升降调节模块，通过 MX1508 驱动直流电机，调整沙发靠背或坐垫高度，适配不同坐姿需求。在按摩模块，控制电机实现多挡位按摩功能，不同挡位对应不同转速，满足用户多样化按摩力度需求。
该智能沙发整合了环境适配、便捷服务、健康护理等多重功能，为用户打造舒适、智能的家居休闲空间。通过自动化控制与远程交互，减少人工操作，提升使用便利性；多样化功能覆盖日常休闲、健康护理等场景，助力用户提升生活品质，推动家居产品向智能化、多功能化方向发展。
关键词：单片机；智能沙发；环境监测；远程控制；多功能集成
Abstract
With the improvement of people’s quality of life, the demand for comfort and intelligence in home products is becoming increasingly prominent. As a core leisure furniture in the home, traditional products only have sitting and lying functions, which are difficult to meet the comprehensive needs of users for environmental adaptation, convenient services, and health care. For example, in summer, there is a lack of active cooling, in winter, there is no thermal assistance, daily charging is inconvenient, and cleaning and sterilization rely on human labor. Especially for the elderly and sedentary people, the lack of massage, lifting and adjustment functions can easily affect the user experience. Therefore, developing a functionally integrated intelligent sofa has important practical significance.
This design proposes an intelligent sofa based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. In the charging and discharging module, dual power supply function is achieved through USB interface: one end is connected to an external power source to charge the built-in battery of the sofa, ensuring offline use; The other end can directly charge mobile phones and other devices, solving the problem of inconvenient daily charging. In the environmental monitoring module, the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor is used to collect real-time temperature and humidity data around the sofa. This data is not only displayed intuitively on the OLED screen, but also synchronously transmitted to the mobile phone, allowing users to remotely monitor the environmental status. In the sunshade module, the 5516 photoresistor is used to detect the light intensity. When the value exceeds the preset threshold of the phone, the STM32F103C8T6 drives the ULN2003A chip to control the four phase five wire stepper motor to lower the sunshade, reducing direct sunlight. In the hair dryer module, users can trigger a relay through their mobile phone or analog board to control the start and stop of the fan, achieving summer cooling. In the lighting module, LED light switches can be controlled through a mobile phone or analog board to provide local lighting and adapt to nighttime usage scenarios. In the timed sterilization module, two startup methods are supported: directly turning on the disinfection lamp (LED simulation) with a mobile phone or analog board, or automatically turning on through a timer preset time to ensure the cleanliness of the sofa surface. In the music playback module, the phone is connected to the DFPlayer Mini MP3 module through the ESP8266-12F WiFi module to achieve remote control of music playback and pause, enhancing the leisure experience. In the lifting adjustment module, the MX1508 drives a DC motor to adjust the height of the sofa backrest or seat cushion to meet different sitting posture requirements. In the massage module, the motor is controlled to achieve multi gear massage function, with different gears corresponding to different speeds, meeting the diverse massage intensity needs of users.
This smart sofa integrates multiple functions such as environmental adaptation, convenient services, and health care, creating a comfortable and intelligent home leisure space for users. Reduce manual operations and improve usability through automated control and remote interaction; Diversified functions cover daily leisure, health care and other scenarios, helping users improve their quality of life and promoting the development of home products towards intelligence and multifunctionality.
Keywords：microcontroller; Intelligent sofa; Environmental monitoring; Remote control; Multi-functional integration
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 充放电模块电路设计
3.4 环境监测模块电路设计
3.5 遮阳模块电路设计
3.6 吹风与照明模块电路设计
3.7 定时杀菌模块电路设计
3.8 音乐播放模块电路设计
3.9 升降与按摩模块电路设计
3.10 显示与按键模块电路设计
3.11 远程通信模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 温湿度检测模块子流程设计
4.4 光照检测模块子流程设计
4.5 独立按键子流程设计
4.6 OLED显示屏子流程设计
4.7 直流电机速度调节子流程设计
4.8 步进电机子流程设计
4.9 WiFi模块子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 充放电功能测试
5.3 环境监测功能测试
5.4 遮阳功能测试
5.5 吹风与照明功能测试
5.6 定时杀菌功能测试
5.7 音乐播放功能测试
5.8 升降功能测试
5.9 按摩功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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