设计说明书
总字数：19000+
随着无障碍设施建设的推进与对特殊群体关怀的提升，盲人的日常饮水安全与便捷性问题愈发受到关注。盲人因视觉障碍，难以自主判断水温是否适宜、水质是否达标、水量是否充足，且缺乏及时的饮水提醒，不仅影响饮水体验，更存在烫伤、饮用劣质水等健康风险。因此，研发一种能为盲人提供全方位饮水辅助的智能设备十分必要。
本设计提出了一种基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能盲人水杯。系统主要功能包括：通过 DS18B20 传感器检测水温，当水温超出预设阈值时，通过继电器控制制冷或加热；借助 TDS 传感器检测水质，可溶性电解质含量超标时，CN-TTS 语音模块播报水质异常提醒；通过 3 个 KEY 按键设定饮水定时，时间到达后语音提醒并驱动 SG90 舵机自动开盖；通过 YW-01D 模块监测水量，OLED 显示屏同步显示水温、水质、水量等参数；支持按键设置阈值、手动控制设备及语音指令查询状态，且每步操作均伴随语音播报。
该智能盲人水杯的作用在于，为盲人提供了一种安全、便捷的饮水辅助工具。通过环境感知、自动调控、语音交互与定时提醒的协同，彻底解决盲人饮水中的视觉依赖问题，保障饮水安全，提升生活自主性与幸福感。
关键词：单片机；智能盲人水杯；环境感知；语音交互；自动控制
Intelligent Water Cup for the Blind
Abstract
With the advancement of barrier-free facility construction and the enhancement of care for special groups, the issues of safety and convenience in daily drinking water for the blind have attracted increasing attention. Due to visual impairment, the blind find it difficult to independently judge whether the water temperature is appropriate, the water quality is up to standard, or the water volume is sufficient, and they lack timely drinking reminders. This not only affects the drinking experience, but also poses health risks such as scalding and drinking poor-quality water. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop an intelligent device that can provide comprehensive drinking water assistance for the blind.
This design proposes an intelligent water cup for the blind based on the STM32F103C8T6 single-chip microcomputer. The main functions of the system include: detecting water temperature through the DS18B20 sensor, and controlling cooling or heating through a relay when the water temperature exceeds the preset threshold; monitoring water quality with the help of a TDS sensor, and when the content of soluble electrolytes exceeds the standard, the CN-TTS voice module broadcasts a water quality abnormality reminder; setting a drinking timer through 3 KEY buttons, and when the time is up, a voice reminder is issued and the SG90 servo is driven to open the lid automatically; monitoring water volume via the YW-01D module, and the OLED display synchronously shows parameters such as water temperature, water quality, and water volume; it supports button-based threshold setting, manual control of equipment, and voice command-based status query, with voice broadcast accompanying each operation.
The function of this intelligent water cup for the blind is to provide a safe and convenient drinking water assistance tool for the blind. Through the coordination of environmental perception, automatic regulation, voice interaction and timing reminders, it completely solves the visual dependence problem of the blind in drinking water, ensures drinking water safety, and improves the autonomy and sense of well-being in life.
Keywords：Single-chip microcomputer; Intelligent water cup for the blind; Environmental perception; Voice interaction; Automatic control
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.3 主要内容
2 系统总体方案设计
2.1 系统总体设计
2.2 主要模块方案选择
3 系统硬件设计
3.1 总体硬件框架
3.2 主控模块电路设计
3.3 环境感知模块电路设计
3.4 执行模块电路设计
3.5 交互模块电路设计
3.6 电源模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 温度检测模块子流程设计
4.4 水质检测模块子流程设计
4.5 液位检测模块子流程设计
4.6 舵机子流程设计
4.7 独立按键子流程设计
4.8 语音识别模块子流程设计
4.9 OLED显示屏子流程设计
5 实物制作与功能测试
5.1 实物制作
5.2 环境感知与显示功能测试
5.3 温度调控功能测试
5.4 定时提醒与自动开盖功能测试
5.5 语音交互与按键操作功能测试
5.6 水质异常提醒功能测试
6 总结
参考文献
致谢
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
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